@GinoongCrook
Mhh ... this is a very complex topic ... what a pity, so few people are commenting on it ...
Prefixes are a very important part of Tagalog language ! Verbs are formed not only by conjugation (or inflexion), they are also often modified by affixes most of all prefixes.
There is an abundance of prefixes ... the list is sheerly endless ... some are used heavily others show up just once in a while ...
So far I have found no grammar book, that really covers that topic in detail ... And I dont think there is a list of general rules ... and this is so, because most probably there are no general rules ! Most grammar books mention a few basic facts only. E.g. prefixes are conjugated, in contrast to european languages: maka, naka, nakaka, makaka ...
But there is much more. As an example let's take the prefix PAG ... it can be used to form the gerund of a verb:
pagkain, pagkanta - eating, singing
or
pagbabasa, pagsusulat - reading, writing
Sounds great ... doesn't it ? But did you notice, that there is something tricky about it ?... Why do some verbs duplicate the first sylable(pagbabasa), while others do not (pagkain).
Very simple: MAG-verbs duplicate, UM-verbs do not ... so far I did not find ANY grammar book, that would really deal with that topic in detail ...

And by the way
pag-ibig - love
is just a "noun-maker" and does NOT form a gerund. Things are not so easy, obviously ...
The above rules are far from being complete. This is just an example of some rules that apply to prefixes. I dont think there is a complete list of rules .... and most probably if there was a list, I suppose it would be endless.
So I think, the best way to deal with prefixes is, to start with a small set and find out, how these prefixes are used in every day conversation by trial and error. Like a child, that starts learning the language. Maybe the best way to do so, is to have a sweet and patient pinay girl friend ...

Most probably it will take a long time until a foreigner catches up the spirit of using prefixes in Tagalog language ...
I hope I did not bother you with my thoughts on Tagalog prefixes ... otherwise just ignore me ...