How to Translate "With"

Great question...looking forward to the answers !

@seitt @Alexbradfield It seems like you're looking for "kasama" which would be the most common translation of "with" in scenarios like this.You can find some good examples here:
www.tagalog.com/word s/kasama.php

Many thanks, most helpful. But what to do when kasama doesn't work?

@seitt Hmm...for example?

@seitt you should be giving examples because word for word translations won't work.It could be kasama or "na may" or meron(g) depending on the context.

@Bituingmaykinang
yes, you are right. Okay, a man with a gun, for example.

Lalaking MAY baril or lalaki NA MAY baril

@jkos waaa! Magaling po! The useage notes on the kasama dictionary entry 👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼 Tagalog.com wins again. 👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼

So in my affix deep dive, I noticed a number of affixes often imbed the notion of withTo get away from tranlations...I think in terms of a range of meanings...and ask...Anong ibig sabihin ko = what I like to say = what is my MEANING1 with = together in activity with companion...kasama the most obvious approachNagkakasama kami ng kuya ko We joined with my eldest brotherNakikipaglarô ang mgá batà.  The children are playing with each otherPuwede ba akó makipag-usap sa iyó?  May I speak with you?2 with = together in place...na may as an exampleGusto ko ng patatas na may mantikilya I like the potatoes with butterMagkasamang kanin at bawang sa tasan ko Combine the rice with garlic in my bowl3. with = together in action / simultaneous...sabay Pinagsabay ko ang pag-aaral at trabaho. I study together with my work.Nagkasabay kaming maligo. We shower together.I have not fully sorted so many affix options...I just made some quick notes when I noticed some clustering patterns. AFFIXES make TAGALOG more fun din! I keep telling myself. :D Kita kits salabas.

@seitt I hear "na may" a lot when I am there in Mindanao.I use "kasama" too but see my question below.They say "at tsaka". Sounds like "Chakka" = and / alsoMy question to you native speakers is this:A) Is kasama better used for with a person?
B) Is it correct to use kasama with an imanimate object?I am asking this because if you say "sino ang kasama mo?" it means "who is that (person) you are with?"

@NikNak
Answer to A: yes
Answer to B: better use "na may"Sino ang kasama mo?
Who are you with?
Who is the person you are with?
Who is that (person) you are with? (Sino iyang kasama mo?) Impolite
Who would you be with? (your company / your accompany)

@NikNak a lot of your questions are really contextual. You cannot really just translate word per word.For example, "kasama" is also used with inanimate things like Arrozcaldo na may kasamang itlog. You can say Arrozcaldo na may itlog, but the addition of "kasama" has more "punch" to it.Again, a lot revolves around the context. Word for word translations won't help you understand the nuances

'He danced with passion' is an example of another way we use the word 'with' in English. It turns a noun into an adverb, So we could equally say 'He danced passionately' and this may be one way to translate it into Tagalog.

@seitt “with” is actually “kasama”
Live with someone - Mamuhay KASAMA ang isang tao