How to use ito, iyan, iyon, nito, niyan, niyon, dito, diyan, doon, nandito, nandiyan, nandoon, ganito, ganiyan and ganoon correctly with examples
These pronouns are used so often and it provides a lot of context to understand exactly what they mean. Enjoy!
Actor focus set of pronouns (ang) ito (eto), iyan (yan), iyon
ito = this iyan = that iyon = that over there
in with actor focus verbs this refers to the actor (lumutang itong barko) THIS boat floats
in object focused verbs this is the object (kakainin ko iyan) im going to eat THAT
Object focus set of pronouns (ng) nito, niyan, niyon (these are not used super often but are important to know
nito = this niyan = that niyon = that over there
in with actor focus verbs this refers to the object (Magluluto ako nitong bigas) I am going to cook this rice
in object focused verbs this is the actor (kumakain ako nito) im eating This
Location pronouns . Always will be a permenant location dito, diyan (jan), doon
dito = here diyan = there doon = over there
(pumunta ka dito sa bahay) come HERE to the house. The houses location is permenant.
You use saan to ask where something with a fixed location is. (saan po ang palengke) WHERE is the market?
You answer with sa
(sa likod ng eskuela) IT is behind the school
These are technically actor focused pronouns. they refer to location that can change. A person or an animals place changes regularly as they walk and run.
nandito, nandiyan, nandoon
nandito = currently here nandiyan = currently there nandoon = currently way over there
(Nandito si nanay sa bahay) Mom is currently HERE at the house
You use nasaan to ask where someone (or something) is currently
(nasaan si joey?) WHERE is joey?
You use nasa to answer
(nasa eskuela siya ngayon) he is AT the school right now
These are used for comparison ganito, ganiyan, ganoon
I think they are technically object focus because the compare the actor to the object
ganito = like this ganiyan = like that ganoon = like that
( kung gusto mong maging ganitong kagaling magtagalog, pakinggan nyo po ang nakakanosebleed podcast)
If you want to be THIS talented at tagalog, listen to the nakakanosebleed podcast.
Sorry I did so much writing I had to through a little ad in there at the bottom. I hope this helps!