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How to use ito, iyan, iyon, nito, niyan, niyon, dito, diyan, doo

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Author Photo by: Nosebleed
Aug 30 2020, 12:00am CST ~ 3 years, 7 mos ago. 
How to use ito, iyan, iyon, nito, niyan, niyon, dito, diyan, doon, nandito, nandiyan, nandoon, ganito, ganiyan and ganoon correctly with examples
 
These pronouns are used so often and it provides a lot of context to understand exactly what they mean. Enjoy!
 
Actor focus set of pronouns (ang) ito (eto), iyan (yan), iyon
ito = this iyan = that iyon = that over there
in with actor focus verbs this refers to the actor (lumutang itong barko) THIS boat floats
in object focused verbs this is the object (kakainin ko iyan) im going to eat THAT
 
Object focus set of pronouns (ng) nito, niyan, niyon (these are not used super often but are important to know
nito = this niyan = that niyon = that over there
in with actor focus verbs this refers to the object (Magluluto ako nitong bigas) I am going to cook this rice
in object focused verbs this is the actor (kumakain ako nito) im eating This
 
Location pronouns . Always will be a permenant location dito, diyan (jan), doon
dito = here diyan = there doon = over there
(pumunta ka dito sa bahay) come HERE to the house. The houses location is permenant.
You use saan to ask where something with a fixed location is. (saan po ang palengke) WHERE is the market?
You answer with sa
(sa likod ng eskuela) IT is behind the school
 
These are technically actor focused pronouns. they refer to location that can change. A person or an animals place changes regularly as they walk and run.
nandito, nandiyan, nandoon
nandito = currently here nandiyan = currently there nandoon = currently way over there
(Nandito si nanay sa bahay) Mom is currently HERE at the house
You use nasaan to ask where someone (or something) is currently
(nasaan si joey?) WHERE is joey?
You use nasa to answer
(nasa eskuela siya ngayon) he is AT the school right now
 
These are used for comparison ganito, ganiyan, ganoon
I think they are technically object focus because the compare the actor to the object
 
ganito = like this ganiyan = like that ganoon = like that
 
( kung gusto mong maging ganitong kagaling magtagalog, pakinggan nyo po ang nakakanosebleed podcast)
If you want to be THIS talented at tagalog, listen to the nakakanosebleed podcast.
 
Sorry I did so much writing I had to through a little ad in there at the bottom. I hope this helps!
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Author Photo lbwest0118
Aug 30 2020, 10:44pm CST ~ 3 years, 7 mos ago. 
What he said!😁
 
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Author Photo Jeni
Sep 04 2020, 11:59pm CST ~ 3 years, 7 mos ago. 
Super helpful! Thanks "Nosebleed" haha...
 
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Author Photo Giorgio
Sep 07 2020, 6:30pm CST ~ 3 years, 7 mos ago. 
Thanks, this explains some confusion I was not even fully aware I had :-D
 
In the nito, niyan, niyon section, isn't the last example wrong?
"in object focused verbs this is the actor (kumakain ako nito) im eating This"
Kumakain is an actor focused verb. Wouldn't the following be a better example? "Kinakagat ako nito - THIS bites me"
 
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Author Photo BoraMac Badge: Supporter
Sep 08 2020, 10:17am CST ~ 3 years, 7 mos ago. 
There are ANG Pronouns and NG Pronouns. ANG pronouns and phrases ALWAYS MARK (as in MARKERS) the TOPIC. The TOPIC is the focus...the Actor in an Actor Focus verb and the Object in and Object Focus verb. NG pronouns and phrases ALWAYS MARK the NON-TOPIC. With your object focused verb, NG Pronoun NITO acts as the non-topic actor and ANG PRONOUN AKO as the topic object. In English we think of Topic and Subject as closely related. In Tagalog the topic follows (is identical with) the focus - whether actor or object. So korek ka jan..your sentence is spot on!
 
Why mark topic and non-topic...once we mark, the order doesn't matter. Ang Phrase/Ang Pronoun could be 1) before the verb (verb then marked by ay); 2) after the initial positioned verb before the NG Phrase/NG Pronoun or 3) after the NG Phrase/NG Pronoun. You are free to drop the topic anywhere you want and simply mark the rest of the sentence accordngly.
 
Pronuns are ANG or NG...not actor or object focus. Verbs are actor or object focus. ANG Pronouns and Phrases mark the topic actor or topic object as FOCUSED by the VERB. NG marks everything else. In a well formed sentence you should find 1 single ANG PHRASE as the topic but it could contain multiple NG Phrases / Non-Topics. You might find multiple instances of ako because it is the same me / topic.
 
ANG is often translated as THE. But the overwhelming function of ANG is to act as topic marker. So a SA Phrase really is another type of non-topic marker and a noun after the SA will not pick up the ang (as in = the) because we have already marked the topic with ANG. Similarly ANG MGA will mark a plural TOPICAL noun and MGA will mark a plural NON-TOPICAL noun. Thats why depende....ang, ang mga, mga, and sometimes wala.
 
Kita kits
 
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