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Nasa atin po kayong StreamYard, si Matthew Vincent Tabilo

Siya po ay bahagi noong Advocacy and Networking Staff

ng CEED, Center for Energy, Ecology and Development

Ang tanong po natin, para po ninyo maintindihan mga kapatid

lahat tayo may pakialam dito

sa nangyayaring all-spill na ito

kasi po, ang lugar po ngayon na naapektuhan na bakalang hindi nyo alam mga kapatid

Ang lugar po kung saan lagaanap ngayon itong oil spill

ay ang 86% na supplier natin ng pangangailangan natin sa isda

Basically po, ito pong area ng Palawan at Oriental Mindoro

86.79% sila po ang ating pinagkukunan po ng isda

para po sa ating pangangailangan

Ano ba ang epekto ng oil spill sa ating mga bakawan?

Kasi sinasabi po, 4 months daw po ang clean-up

May nagbabanggit po, isang taon daw po clean-up

When you say clean-up, as in, clean-up alin?

Saan?

E papano po yung mga bakawan na siya po namang nabibigay po ng protection

sa mga dalampasigan at tirahan po ito ng mga yamang dagat?

Magandang umaga, Matthew! Good morning!

Good morning!

Matthew, ano ba ang purpose ng bakawan o mangroves sa ating karagatan?

Okay, sige. So, yung mga mangroves natin

Ito yung mga plants na makita natin sa intertidal areas

kung saan ma-meet yung high tide at low tide

So, yung mga plants na ito, makita ito sa mga tropical at subtropical countries

So, kagaya ito sa Pilipinas

So, dito sa Pilipinas, we have 35-40 species na mangroves

So, yung pinaka-common ay rhizophora, sonorasha, abyssinia, broguera, at kanaypa

So, medyo yan yung mga technical names nila

So, regarding sa mga bakawan kung ano yung mga ecosystem

at mga socio-economic services na pinaprovide nila sa atin

So, of course, yung mga mangroves natin

Unang-una, ito yung mga buffer zones natin sa coastal areas

kasi sila yung magiging buffer zones

So, if ever na may mga storm surges or typhoons

they will ultimately protect or safeguard our coastal communities

from the impacts of the climate crisis

So, number two, of course, yung sinabi kong climate change

They mitigate the impacts of climate change also by sequestering atmospheric carbon

So, kinukuha nila yung mga carbon na nasa atmosphere

at pumunta dito sa biomass nila at saka sa soils

And, of course, yung mangroves natin, ito yung source of livelihood

to our fisherfolk communities

Not only livelihood but also food

kasi dito tumitira yung mga isda, mga crabs, yung mga shrimps na binibenta sa mga markets

And, of course, yung mangroves, ito yung isang habitat sa mga variety na flora at fauna natin

Ito yung mga halaman o puno na andoon sa karagatan natin usually

Meron nga din ito kung saan nagtatagpo yung tubig tabang at tubig alat

Yung mga na andoon sa gilid, ito yung mga bakawan kung tawagin, Matthew?

Yes po

And then, sabi mo nga kapag may storm surge, parang lumalabas ito na wave breaker ito

Diba? Parang pagdapo noong malalakas na mga alon, hihina na ito

Kasi ito na yung nagiging breaker ng storm surge na ito

Kaya napakalaki ng importansya nito sa ating kapaligiran

E, dito ngayon sa nangyayari nga sa ating mga visuals o siguro baka napuntahan na ng inyong grupo

Ano ang panganib ngayon na ibinibigay nitong oil spill na ito

na nanggagaling sa MT Princess Empress sa mga lugar ng Mindoro

at maging dito nga ngayon sa Verde Island Passage?

Okay, sige. So provide mo na ako ng context regarding sa oil spill

So yung oil spill nangyayari ito noong February 28, 2023

Yung MT Princess Empress or yung vessel mismo which carried 800,000 liters of industrial fuel

So nakab-size ito dahil sa straining caused by overheating

and of course kasi malakas yung currents at blast rates sa Nauhan, Oriental, Mindoro

So with the tanker submerged, andoon yung oil spill nangyayari na

So in terms of oil spill history in the Philippines, yung pinakauna is yung

Nimara Strait na oil spill, 2.1 million na industrial fuel

Yung pangalawa naman sa Estancia, Iloilo, 800,000 liters

And then yung ngayon dito sa Oriental, Mindoro na 800,000 liters din

So it could also impact yung Verde Island Passage

and then the neighboring provinces ng Antique and also Palawa

So in terms of the impacts of the oil spill sa mga mangroves natin

Unang-una, oil exposure can prevent the growth of or let's say development of mangrove leaves

resulting to defoliation

So when you say defoliation, ito yung loss of leaves or removal of leaves

So yung defoliation, this could lead to death of mangroves

and then it could change the conditions of the coastal environment

leading to increased temperature and also salinity

Kasi kung wala na yung canopy cover yung mangroves or yung leaves

Of course, tatama dito yung init from the sunlight

So of course, mas mainit yung temperature

and then of course, ma-increase yung salinity ng tubig

So it could change the conditions of the coastal environment

So I could also lead you to the

Yung isang study by Barnuevo and Sadava sa Nimara Strait noong 2006

Kasi mayroon silang study eh regarding the impacts of mangroves

noong oil spill doon sa Gimara

So as what I've said earlier, 2.1 million liters of bunker fuel spilled Gimara Strait

So yung nangyari doon, yung sa study nila

Yung mga mangrove propagules daw, they were found to exhibit abnormality

So may albinism, so abnormal yung propagules or yung seedlings sila mismo

So as what I've said earlier, yung defoliation or loss of mangrove leaves

It also happened in Gimara Strait kasi yung canopy cover ng mangroves nag-decrease

And then right after that, kasi nag-defoliate na sila

Of course, namamatay yung mga mangroves

And then, I would also like to note na yung mga mangroves, they have breathing roots kasi

So that's their lungs

So yung roots ng mangroves, mayroon yung maliit na pores to facilitate gas exchange

So ito yung lungs nila, yung sa mangroves

So if these roots are being smothered by oil, it could potentially suffocate them and leading to death

So what would happen if these mangroves die?

Of course, unang-una, yung mga coastal communities natin, they will be more vulnerable to the impacts of climate change

So yung sinabi ko kanina na mangroves as buffer zones

If mawawala na yung mangroves dito sa atin, like sa mga coastal areas

Of course, they will be vulnerable from it

Mas malakas na yung impact ng mga typhoons, yung storm surges

And knowing that we're in a climate crisis, it would mean na mas intense yung typhoons natin annually

So, other signs of oiling also sa mga mangrove trees natin

Yung leaves nagiging color yellow

And then, yung coastal environment mismo ng mangroves

Of course, maraming wildlife doon

So it would not be a viable coastal habitat for them

So right now, since it's March already, it's nearing the end of winter season

So of course, migratory birds flock here in the Philippines during winter

So since March na yun, that's the time that they will stop their migration

So some of these migratory birds are found to be in the mangroves

Kasi ito yung ginagawang nilang wintering grounds

And then of course, available yung mga shellfishes, yung fish na kinakain ng mga migratory birds natin

Of course, for them to have a fuel for their next flight

So if ever yung mga mangroves natin are exposed to oil

Of course, yung mga migratory birds natin, they will be exposed to oil as well

So yung repellency ng feathers nila, if they're exposed to oil, they would be unable to fly

So they won't be able to go back na sa destination nila

And of course, hypothermia and leading to death as well

And then of course, to think that mangroves are homes to commercially important fishes

And crabs, shrimps

So it would also impact yung livelihood ng mga coastal communities natin

So parang interconnected talaga yung effects

Yes po, interconnected po yung impacts ng oil spills sa mangroves natin

And also to the people who depend on these coastal habitats

Yes, so Matthew, itong cleanup na ito, pe pwede bang malinis mula sa langis?

Whether yan ay diesel fuel or industrial oil yan

Pag ito ay dumapu na sa ating bakawan, kakaya pa bang linisin yan?

O sadyang wala na, patay na yan, mamamatay talaga yan?

Okay, so actually I read a bulletin from University of the Philippines Visayas

Bulletin number 3, you can check it on Facebook as well

So we have a post there regarding the removal of oil in coastal areas

And then may mga specific things that you can do regarding removal of oil sa mangroves

So yung unang-una dito is yung placing of absorbent booms of oils to recover, of course, yung oil

And then low pressure of vacuum to suck out the oil as well

And yung cleanups, yung nakalagay dito sa bulletin nila na cleanups for the mangrove areas

Cleanups should be conducted using boats to minimize food traffic

And not allowing sediments and soils to be mixed

Pero yung nangyari kasi, for example this one, yung sa oil natin sa mangroves

Medyo cautious tayo if ever mag-clean up tayo

Of course, there might be physical hazards na mangyayari

So I do think na if ever na mag-clean up, let's do yung proper protocols from the academe

Or let's see if help also from the Philippine Coast Guard regarding that one

Pero kasi nga, itong inyong grupo, Mangrove Matters PH

Na talagang yaan ang inyong pinag-aaralan

Kaya ba sa ating karanasan doon sa Guimaras?

Malililis pa ba ito kapag dumapo na ito?

Kasi ang sinasabi, four months cleanup, even a year or two

Pero sabi nga nung iba, isang dekada na naandon pa rin yung traces ng oil sa Guimaras

Alright, so I do think it depends siguro on how we conduct the protocols in doing the cleanup of the oil spill

And yung sa Guimaras Strait kasi, it took almost a decade, even more a decade or more

As to yung fully, yung pag-recover talaga ng mangroves doon sa Guimaras Strait

So I think it would depend if malakas talaga yung action

If kukuha talaga yung mga different methods on how we are able to contain the oil spill

Although I've seen news right now that there are other foreign countries that would help us in containing the said oil spill

Sige, salamat na marami sa inyo Matthew sa inyong informasyon na binahagi sa aming programa

And we appreciate sharing us your thoughts and wisdom dito nga kung gaano ka-importante ang mga bakawan sa ating kapaligiran

Salamat na marami Matthew

Thank you. Matthew Vincent Tabilog, ang isa po sa mga founder nga nitong Mangrove Matters PH mga kapatid