01:00.8
Good evening po sa lahat, sa lahat ng mga nag-antay ng live stream ko.
01:08.6
So, let's start the ball rolling.
01:11.4
Ang pag-usapan po natin ngayon is about libel.
01:14.7
Or kung meron kayong mga katanungan sa ibang topic, pwede rin.
01:19.7
for tonight, we will mainly discuss everything about libel.
01:23.6
And I hope to give some satisfaction to your queries kung meron man kayong queries.
01:29.5
Meron tanong dito si Noel Amodan.
01:35.0
Sabi niya, sa arrest warrant, tama ang pangalan pero iba ang address.
01:42.4
Ma-arresto at makulong.
01:45.8
Yung address po is importante rin for purposes of locating.
01:49.7
The person to be arrested.
01:51.8
But what is most important in an arrest warrant is the identity of the person to be arrested.
01:57.5
So, kung sufficient naman yung information ng polis, kahit na mali yung address na nakalagay,
02:03.8
but alam ng polis kung sino talaga yung aarestuhin nila, kahit na nasan pa yun, it won't matter po.
02:11.5
Yung magmamatter is yung identification ng person to be arrested.
02:19.3
As the subject of the warrant of arrest.
02:21.7
Kasi mahirap naman po na ibang tao ang ma-arresto.
02:26.5
For example, kapangalan lang pero hindi naman siya yung talagang subject of the arrest warrant.
02:31.9
So, duty bound po yung mga kapulisan natin to ensure na hindi maling tao ang ma-arresto nila.
02:39.7
So, as between the name and the address, pareho silang importante pero mas importante yung pangalan at saka yung full identity ng person to be arrested.
02:49.3
May tanong dito si Dark Flame Master.
02:57.1
Ilang taon po ang kulong sa libel fiskal?
03:00.9
Meron kasing rule of preference in the imposition of penalties with respect to libel cases.
03:07.9
I think meron ng mga instances na yung pinataon na sentensya ng mga korte,
03:14.4
pag na-convict for libel, ang isang akusado is fine lang.
03:19.3
But it's a case-to-case basis.
03:22.7
Depende na yun sa circumstances of each particular case.
03:25.7
Hindi siya automatic na pag-libel, fine agad.
03:29.5
Ang nakalagay na penalty sa libel is it's either a fine or imprisonment.
03:36.2
So, option na yun ng court kung fine ang ibibigay niya, depende sa gravity ng libel or pwede rin imprisonment.
03:45.2
Tapos pag cyber libel kasi, medyo one degree higher yung penalty.
03:49.3
The person who is convicted for cyber libel can be imprisoned for eight years at the most, for each count.
04:00.7
Nag-aaral ka sa law school, equilibrium files?
04:08.3
Pagpatuloy mo lang yan. Anong year ka na ba sa law equilibrium files?
04:15.5
Ang importante lang sa pag-aaral.
04:19.3
Ang aaral ng law is perseverance.
04:22.1
Of course, you must have intelligence, logic, and patience.
04:26.1
Kasi, sa dami ng libro na dapat mong pagtuunan, minsan you are confused on what subject to study first.
04:36.2
Especially if merong mga professors na nag-a-assign ng napakaraming cases.
04:40.9
Isang case lang, parang isang libro na.
04:43.8
So, it's a matter of dividing your time, being patient with yourself.
04:49.3
And then, having humility.
04:51.2
Kasi, pag pumasok po kayo sa law school, you must have humility.
04:55.0
Hindi po pwedeng magyayabang kayo doon, no?
04:57.6
Na matalino kayo, na logician kayo, na magaling kayo mag-argue.
05:03.2
When you go to law school, you learn how to practice humility.
05:07.5
Yan yung mga ingredients for success.
05:10.8
Perseverance, tapos, of course, intelligence, and then patience.
05:16.3
Okay, may tanong dito si Hernan Evangelista.
05:19.3
Fiscal EJ, totoo ba, pag sinuntok mo ang tao, may salamin, mas mabigat pa ang kaso?
05:30.2
You mean to say, may ano, like what I'm using now, eyeglasses?
05:35.8
Depende po sa result ng injury.
05:39.8
Kasi, tatlong klase kasi ng physical injuries.
05:43.2
Physical injuries, merong slight physical injury, merong less serious physical injury,
05:49.0
at saka merong serious physical injury.
05:51.0
So, depending on the gravity of the injury po, then mas mabigat po yung penalty or yung parusa.
05:57.6
And of course, no?
05:58.5
Pag sinuntok mo yung tao na nakasalamin, pag nabasag yung salamin, tapos natusok yung mata niya,
06:05.1
then most likely, if it will cause blindness on the victim, then you can be held liable for serious physical injuries.
06:13.8
From Tony Montana.
06:19.0
Pwede bang makafile ng probation pag natalo sa kasong reckless driving resulting in serious physical injuries?
06:27.7
Ibig mong sabihin siguro dito is reckless imprudence resulting in serious physical injuries.
06:33.5
Pag na-convict po kayo for such a crime, you have the option of appealing the case to the next higher court
06:41.4
or you can just accept your conviction and file an application for probation.
06:46.7
Yes, you can file an application for probation.
06:49.0
For as long as the penalty na inimposed ng court sa iyo is hindi lalagpas ng 6 years.
06:56.3
And in the case of reckless imprudence resulting in serious physical injury, hindi po yan lalagpas ng 6 years.
07:02.2
So, you can avail of that po.
07:07.8
Sabi ni Meshang TV, ang butihing may bahay ni Sir Denzabol.
07:14.5
Sir Fiscal, tama po bang manglait ng sobra-sobra ang taong...
07:19.0
may pinag-aralan at pwede po bang silang makasuhan?
07:24.3
You can file a case for oral defamation pag pinahiya ka in front of other people
07:29.7
or you can file a case for libel or cyber libel as the case may be.
07:35.5
Kasi yung panlalait po is an imputation of a defect which tends to cause dishonor on the person defamed.
07:44.8
Kahit na totoo po yung mga defects or physical defects ng tao,
07:48.6
wala po silang karapatan na lait-laitin.
07:52.4
Walang justifiable reason po na gawin nila yun.
07:57.1
From Randy Guevara, Sir Fiscal,
08:00.5
EJ, paano po ninyo malalaman kung may malis yung pag-critic sa iyo?
08:04.9
I presume you are talking about libel, no?
08:07.7
Dalawa po kasi ang klase ng libel.
08:10.0
Yung malis in law at saka malis in fact.
08:13.6
Yung malis in law po is it is already presumed from the defamatory statement.
08:18.6
So, pag merong imputation of a crime,
08:21.2
pag sinabi ng tao na mamamatay tao ka or ipapatay ako ni Mr. X, for example,
08:28.9
that is an imputation of a crime.
08:32.5
Agad-agad, may malis na agad dun.
08:35.1
May malis in law na yun or imputation of a vice.
08:38.6
Pag sinabihan ka na drug addict or imputation of a defect,
08:42.8
pag nilait yung mga physical defects mo,
08:46.6
agad-agad, instantly,
08:48.6
presumed na yung malis po dun.
08:51.1
Tapos, ang pangalawang klase po ng malis is yung actual malis.
08:55.6
Actually, pareho lang sila, no?
08:57.1
Ang actual malis lang is,
08:59.3
kailangan mo nang i-prove na may malis kasi,
09:02.2
for example, if the person being defamed is a public figure or a public official,
09:09.3
hindi na po presumed ang malis dun.
09:11.1
Pag public official sila,
09:13.5
kahit na defamatory pa yung statement,
09:16.9
kailangan mo na this time na i-prove,
09:18.6
na mayroong actual malis.
09:20.3
Ano ba yung actual malis?
09:22.2
Alam mong hindi totoo, pero sinabi mo pa rin.
09:25.7
Or, you defame the person with reckless disregard of whether it is true or not.
09:32.5
So, yan po ang dalawang klase ng malis.
09:35.0
From Renato Junio,
09:36.5
Good evening po, Fiscal EJ.
09:38.0
Most probably, ilang buwan po bago ma-serve ang warrant for cyber libel.
09:43.6
It must go through a process po kasi, no?
09:48.6
kasi X nag-file ng cyber libel complaint against Y.
09:53.1
Nag-file siya sa fiscal's office.
09:55.3
Pag na-receive na ng fiscal yung complaint for cyber libel,
09:58.8
ang gagawin ng fiscal is,
10:00.9
mag-i-issue po siya ng sabpina.
10:03.9
And then, attached together with the sabpina is the copy of the cyber libel complaint
10:09.1
filed by X against Y.
10:10.8
So, yung sabpina plus yung kopya ng reklamo,
10:16.6
Isi-serve na yun dun sa taong sinampahan ng complaint.
10:22.7
So, depende po sa layo ng lugar kung saan nakatira yung respondent, no?
10:28.7
Usually, two weeks or three weeks bago ma-receive yung sabpina.
10:32.6
Once ma-receive po yung sabpina,
10:35.9
the respondent, yung sinampahan ng complaint,
10:38.7
has ten days po from the receipt of the sabpina to file his counter-affidavit.
10:46.6
And affidavits of his witnesses, if he has witnesses, no?
10:52.0
To corroborate his statements.
10:54.4
So, ten days lang po ang binibigay ng fiscal's office
10:57.8
para mag-submit ng counter-affidavit niya yung respondent.
11:03.3
So, habang nasa fiscal's level pa lang,
11:06.4
ang tawag sa taong sinampahan ng kaso is respondent.
11:10.8
Hindi pa pwedeng sabihin na akusado kasi yung term na akusado po,
11:14.3
gagamitin lang yun.
11:16.6
Nasa korte na yung kaso.
11:18.9
Pero, habang nasa fiscal's office pa,
11:21.2
respondent pa lang po ang tawag sa kanya.
11:24.4
So, ten days within which to submit a counter-affidavit from the time of receipt.
11:31.6
So, for example, na-receive ng respondent today, December 2.
11:36.3
So, the respondent has until December 12
11:39.2
to submit his counter-affidavit.
11:41.9
Pag hindi siya nakasubmit ng counter-affidavit,
11:44.4
then the fiscal will have,
11:46.6
have to resolve the complaint
11:49.2
based only on the evidence submitted by the complainant.
11:52.9
Kasi, ang importante lang is due process.
11:56.9
What is due process?
11:58.5
Giving the person an opportunity to be heard.
12:02.6
Hindi kailangan hintayin yung sagot niya.
12:05.6
Kasi, if merong batas na kailangan hintayin,
12:09.5
then the respondent can just decide to delay
12:12.6
the filing of his counter-affidavit
12:14.7
para hindi umusad ang kaso.
12:16.6
So, ten days lang po yung binibigay.
12:19.1
If walang masubmit na counter-affidavit after ten days,
12:22.6
then i-resolve na po ng fiscal yung complaint.
12:27.0
Then, pwede pa bang mag-extend?
12:30.7
Before the ten-day period expires,
12:33.4
dapat yung abugado ng respondent
12:35.4
mag-file po ng at least one, no?
12:38.4
One instance lang.
12:39.2
Motion for extension of time to submit his counter-affidavit.
12:44.8
Para bigyan na naman,
12:46.6
siya ng another ten days more
12:48.3
para makapagsubmit ng counter-affidavit niya.
12:52.5
So, let us say, binigyan siya ng ten days.
12:56.0
Pag hindi pa rin nakasubmit ng counter-affidavit,
12:58.9
then wala na pong further extension.
13:01.3
So, i-resolve na ng fiscal yung complaint.
13:05.8
And let us say, merong probable cause,
13:08.6
pag na-file na sa court yung information,
13:12.8
kasi ang tawag po dun sa,
13:16.6
criminal case na i-file sa court is information.
13:20.5
So, pag na-file na po yung information sa court,
13:23.3
the court will have to, again,
13:25.5
to determine whether there is probable cause
13:28.2
to issue a warrant of arrest.
13:31.2
So, mga ten days po, mga ten days more din yun, no?
13:34.2
So, within ten days, dapat mag-issue ng order ang court
13:38.3
kung mag-i-issue ba siya ng warrant.
13:41.0
Now, let us say, nag-issue ng warrant ang court,
13:43.6
then, ganun po katagal, no?
13:45.9
Ang pag-i-issue ng warrant of arrest.
13:49.4
I am talking about all criminal cases, not just cyber libel po.
13:55.8
Okay, from Epic Narrator, Fiscal EJ,
14:00.1
posibli po ba ang 200 million pesos na fine for cyber libel?
14:07.5
Wala pong fine na 200 million pesos, no?
14:11.0
Ang fine po is a penalty na nakalagay dun sa batas,
14:15.7
mismo, sa penal provision, no?
14:17.3
For example, if found guilty,
14:20.9
the convict will have to pay a fine for 10,000
14:24.0
or imprisonment of one month and one day to six months
14:28.4
or both imprisonment and fine.
14:32.8
So far, wala pong 200 million fine.
14:36.0
Siguro, ang ibig mong sabihin is 200 million pesos in damages.
14:41.2
Depende na po yan sa stature ng complainant, no?
14:45.7
Ano sa tingin niya yung value niya.
14:49.0
Tapos, kung meron siyang enough money to pay for the filing fee, no?
14:53.8
Kasi, pag mataas po yung hinihingi ng damages,
14:58.2
then, mataas din po yung filing fee.
15:03.5
Kung fine, wala pong fine na 200 million,
15:05.9
pero merong damages na 200 million.
15:08.5
Pwedeng hingin yun sa korte.
15:10.0
But, in the ultimate analysis,
15:12.6
depende na po yun sa korte kung bibigyan niya ng 200 million,
15:15.7
yung 200 million pesos in damages.
15:18.5
Ano pong basis niyan?
15:20.4
Kasi po, for every criminal liability,
15:22.8
there is also a corresponding civil liability.
15:25.4
Pag nahatulan ka na guilty in a criminal case,
15:29.7
meron din po kayong civil liability
15:33.6
through the payment po of damages.
15:41.9
Sabi niya yung critical thinker,
15:43.9
ito talaga siya yung critical thinker,
15:45.6
parang ang pang-esudyante yung mga tanong, no?
15:50.3
Please po, meron pa siyang please po, Sir Fiscal EJ,
15:53.4
parang ano talaga, no?
15:56.3
Pleading on bended knees.
15:59.0
Please po, Sir Fiscal EJ,
16:00.5
ano po ba yung one degree higher?
16:03.1
Please, paki-explain po.
16:06.1
Yung one degree higher po is, ano yan, no?
16:10.0
Yan ang gamit na terminology
16:11.4
when we talk about penalties, no?
16:14.7
sa revised penal code,
16:15.6
meron tayong hierarchy of penalties, no?
16:17.6
Depending on their severity.
16:20.6
Yung pinakataas po na penalty sa revised penal code
16:24.6
is reclusion perpetua.
16:26.6
It has a range po of 40 years.
16:30.6
one degree below reclusion perpetua
16:34.6
is reclusion temporal.
16:36.6
It has a range of 12 years and 1 day to 20 years.
16:40.6
Tapos, one degree lower than reclusion temporal,
16:44.3
It has a range of 12 years and 1 day to 20 years.
16:45.6
Tapos, one degree lower than reclusion temporal is
16:47.6
6 years and 1 day to 12 years,
16:49.6
and then prison correctional,
16:51.6
6 months and 1 day to 6 years,
16:53.6
and then arresto mayor,
16:55.6
1 month and 1 day to 6 months,
16:57.6
and then arresto minor.
17:00.6
Yan po. Yan po ang hierarchy, no?
17:03.6
Or degree of penalties, no?
17:07.6
According to their severity under Article 71
17:10.6
of the revised penal code.
17:11.6
Yan po ang meaning ng one degree higher doon.
17:13.6
So, one degree higher doon.
17:14.6
So, one degree higher than reclusion temporal is perpetua.
17:19.6
Ingenierong si Bill, good evening to you.
17:23.6
Sabi niya, Fiskal, ba't po nakapasa yung isang lawyer
17:27.6
mahina naman sa comprehension?
17:29.6
Swerte po ba tawag doon?
17:32.6
I would like to believe po na lahat ng lawyers,
17:36.6
the fact that they passed the bar,
17:38.6
mahirap po talaga mag-aral ng law.
17:40.6
Mahirap mag-aral ng law.
17:41.6
Mahirap pumasa sa College of Law.
17:43.6
Mahirap mag-review.
17:46.6
Tapos pagpasa ng bar exam.
17:49.6
So, pag nakapasa po ang isang law graduate ng bar exam,
17:55.6
I would like to believe po na matalino siya.
17:58.6
So, it's quite unfair naman po, no?
18:02.6
I'm speaking for all lawyers, no?
18:04.6
Na sabihin mahina ang comprehension, no?
18:07.6
Depende na po yan, no?
18:08.6
Kasi once na naging lawyer ka na,
18:11.6
mag-iba na yung ano mo.
18:14.6
Meron ng paradigm shift din, no?
18:16.6
May lawyer na ganito yung ano niya,
18:19.6
yung purpose niya, ganito yung trabaho niya.
18:21.6
So, iba't-ibang discarte na po yan.
18:24.6
I don't agree po na mahina ang comprehension ng lawyers.
18:27.6
Siguro, magiging mahina lang kapag hindi siya nag-re-research.
18:31.6
But, in general, matalino naman po ang mga lawyers.
18:39.6
I fiscal, pag private person,
18:43.6
pinalabas o lumabas sa isang sikat na show
18:47.6
at pinag-usapan sa sock bed,
18:49.6
pwede na ba siyang tawag yung public figure?
18:52.6
Kung yan lang po ang facts na pagbabasehan natin,
18:58.6
in my opinion po ha, hindi po siya enough to make him or her as a public figure.
19:05.6
Meron po kasing definition yung public figure eh.
19:08.6
Based doon sa Supreme Court.
19:10.6
Yung mga examples na binigay ng Supreme Court
19:12.6
is yung artista ka na,
19:15.6
you're a sports icon.
19:17.6
Meron ka lang substantial following.
19:19.6
Yung public is nakafocus na sa'yo as a public person.
19:24.6
Pero kung one time lang na finiture ka lang sa isang show
19:28.6
because there is a particular issue that involves you,
19:33.6
I don't think it will qualify po as a public figure
19:36.6
or that person will qualify.
19:37.6
Or that person will qualify as a public figure.
19:42.6
From Kam Mind Fiscal, ask ko lang, medyo personal.
19:46.6
Naisip niyo po ba na ihabla yung nalait sa'yo?
19:51.6
I think I entertain that thought din po.
19:55.6
But there are battles na hindi mo kailangan patulan.
19:59.6
But if needed, if kailangan talaga, then I have to.
20:03.6
Because I have to also protect my reputation.
20:06.6
Hindi na lang ako nag-abogado pag pumayag akong light-lightin ako.
20:10.6
But if I can stretch my patience, then I will.
20:13.6
From Dark Flame Master Fiscal,
20:18.6
pag minumura ka ng kaaway mo araw-araw
20:22.6
at laging masasama sinasabi sa'yo, libel po ba yun?
20:27.6
Depende po sa means of communication kasi pag oral communication lang,
20:34.6
wala pong libel doon.
20:36.6
Pag sinabihan ka lang araw-araw, hindi yan libel.
20:40.6
It can be oral defamation.
20:43.6
Minumura-mura ka araw-araw in front of other people.
20:48.6
You are being humiliated because of the words uttered against you.
20:52.6
You can file a case po for oral defamation.
20:55.6
Not necessarily libel.
20:58.6
Mark Palomar Fiscal EJ,
21:02.6
pwede po ba ma-disbar ang abogado na sinungaling
21:05.6
o nagtuturo ng wrong information?
21:08.6
I think I have already answered this question po in my previous livestream.
21:14.6
Pag deliberate na po yung pagbibigay ng wrong information
21:20.6
tapos frequent na, meaning sinadya talaga na wrong information yung ibigay,
21:27.6
tapos paulit-ulit na,
21:30.6
it can lead to the disbarment of the lawyer.
21:33.6
But like what I said before, hindi po kasi perfecto yung lawyers.
21:39.6
Gaya nyo, nagkakamalay rin kami.
21:42.6
We also commit mistakes every now and then.
21:45.6
Sa interpretation, sa pag-sight ng batas, sa pag-discuss ng kaso.
21:50.6
But it doesn't necessarily mean na intention namin na magbigay or magturo ng wrong information.
21:58.6
So as long as the lawyer corrects the wrong information given by him,
22:04.6
pagklaro talaga na mali yung turo niya,
22:07.6
kasi ang mga lawyers po kasi,
22:10.6
pag nag-argue sa court,
22:12.6
they can argue or they can refer to one case pero magkaiba yung interpretation nila.
22:18.6
Tapos yung judge na yung magdidecide kung alin sa dalawa ang may tamang interpretation.
22:24.6
But it doesn't necessarily mean na
22:27.6
magtuturo ng wrong information yung isa dahil pinanigan ng judge yung isa.
22:33.6
Kasi you are arguing kasi for your client.
22:37.6
So kung ano yung argument na pabor sa client mo,
22:41.6
then yun ang gagawin mo.
22:43.6
Pero kung deliberate talaga na hindi talaga sang-ayon sa batas
22:47.6
or sa decision ng court yung turo ng abogado,
22:54.6
It can not necessarily disappear.
22:57.6
But the lawyer may be censured for doing that.
23:08.6
Fiscal EJ, may hunyangong nagbanta po sa akin na gagahasain ako pag magkita kami.
23:15.6
Itago natin sa pangalang RYM.
23:30.6
Pag nagilitan ko po ba siya?
23:33.6
Tapos pinala pa ako sa...
23:37.6
Hindi ko masyadong maintindihan.
23:40.6
Valid po ba yun na self-defense?
23:43.6
Yung self-defense po kasi is
23:46.6
kailangan merong three requisites na dapat masatisfy
23:51.6
para masabi natin na valid yung self-defense.
23:57.6
dapat po may unlawful aggression.
24:00.6
So dalawang klase yung unlawful aggression.
24:02.6
Merong imminent unlawful aggression
24:06.6
or meron ding actual unlawful aggression.
24:09.6
Ano ba yung unlawful aggression?
24:11.6
Aggression means a physical attack.
24:14.6
Let us say X physically attacks Y
24:18.6
using a balisong or a bladed knife or bladed weapon.
24:23.6
While X is making a stabbing blow upon Y,
24:26.6
ano yun? Actual unlawful aggression yun.
24:29.6
You have the right to repel the aggression.
24:32.6
Ang imminent unlawful aggression naman is
24:35.6
wala pang actual unlawful aggression but
24:39.6
sa actions ng offender,
24:43.6
he is leading to actual unlawful aggression na.
24:47.6
Like for example, bubunot na ng baril yung offender.
24:51.6
Of course, when he points his firearm to you,
24:54.6
you have to wait for the offender to pull the trigger
24:57.6
before you can repel the aggression.
24:59.6
Yan ang example ng imminent.
25:04.6
Imminent unlawful aggression.
25:06.6
At that point in time, kahit wala pang actual unlawful aggression,
25:10.6
dahil imminent na yung unlawful aggression,
25:12.6
you can already repel the aggression.
25:15.6
Yan ang first element, unlawful aggression.
25:19.6
Yung second element is reasonable necessity of the means employed.
25:24.6
To prevent or repel the aggression.
25:27.6
Prevent the imminent unlawful aggression
25:29.6
or repel the actual unlawful aggression.
25:32.6
So, in the case of rape,
25:35.6
if he is in the act na of trying to rape you,
25:38.6
you can use any weapon at your disposal.
25:42.6
Merong bato dyan na pwede mong magamit.
25:44.6
Merong tubo dyan or merong
25:47.6
laded weapon dyan na pwede mong magamit.
25:49.6
You can repel the aggression by attacking him also.
25:52.6
Para hindi niya magawa yung intention niya sayo.
25:55.6
Yung third requisite naman is
25:58.6
lack of sufficient provocation on the part of the person defending himself.
26:03.6
So, dapat hindi mo rin pre-provoke.
26:05.6
In the case of homicide or murder, for example,
26:09.6
dapat walang provocation on your part.
26:11.6
Kasi it may turn out na kaya ka inatake
26:14.6
because ikaw mismo ang nag-provoke sa kanya
26:18.6
for him to attack you.
26:21.6
Walang sufficient provocation on your part
26:23.6
so that you can already invoke the
26:26.6
justifying circumstance of self-defense.
26:29.6
But of course, pag wala na pong aggression,
26:31.6
for example, initially,
26:33.6
X wanted to deliver a stabbing blow against Y.
26:38.6
Failed in his attempt to deliver a stabbing blow against Y.
26:41.6
Ang ginawa ni X, hindi niya na tinuloy yung
26:44.6
pag-atake niya kay Y.
26:46.6
Si X tumakbo na to escape.
26:48.6
Ang ginawa ni Y, kinabol niya si X,
26:50.6
siya na yung naging aggressors kay X.
26:53.6
Hindi na yan pwede.
26:54.6
Hindi na yan self-defense.
26:55.6
Kasi ikaw na yung perpetrator.
26:57.6
If the unlawful aggression has ceased to exist,
27:00.6
wala na ang unlawful aggression,
27:02.6
then wala na rin kayong right to attack the person
27:06.6
who was attacking you earlier.
27:09.6
Okay, from that dada,
27:11.6
pwede bang yung prosecutor baguhin yung decision niya
27:14.6
after pag may nag-MR?
27:19.6
Sabi kasi ng iba, 99% hindi.
27:22.6
Most of the time po, hindi na po babaguhin.
27:25.6
But merong times na binabago din ang prosecutor.
27:28.6
Like in my case, maraming na rin basis na
27:31.6
I changed my mind.
27:33.6
After a motion for reconsideration was filed,
27:37.6
I was humble enough to admit na
27:39.6
tama yung punto dito sa motion for reconsideration.
27:43.6
So I have to change my decision.
27:45.6
So for example, yung earlier resolution ng fiscal is,
27:48.6
merong probable cause.
27:51.6
Nag-file ng MR yung agreed party,
27:54.6
the fiscal can overturn his own decision or resolution
28:00.6
and then state in his resolution that there is no probable cause
28:09.6
Ito, from TrollSmash.
28:12.6
Matanong lang, Sir Fiscal,
28:15.6
madagdagan po ba ang count ng library?
28:17.6
Ang count ng libel sa mga number of videos na paninira?
28:22.6
Ang mga count penalties,
28:24.6
pwede ba umabot ng 40 years imprisonment?
28:27.6
Yung libel po is,
28:29.6
depende po sa publication.
28:31.6
Kung gaano karami yung publication,
28:33.6
ganyan din karami po yung counts ng libel.
28:36.6
pag 7 videos o 10 videos yung publication,
28:41.6
kung saan sinabi yung mga defamatory statement,
28:45.6
yung mga libelous statement,
28:48.6
then 10 counts po din ng libel yun.
28:51.6
Yung penalties po kasi,
28:53.6
successive service of penalties,
28:55.6
wala pong simultaneous service of penalties.
28:58.6
Except na lang kung principal,
29:01.6
unaccessory penalty,
29:02.6
ba't hindi nyo pa maintindihan yan.
29:05.6
si X was convicted for several crimes.
29:09.6
Ang isang penalty, 4 years.
29:11.6
Ang isa, 6 years.
29:13.6
Ang isa, 10 years.
29:15.6
Dapat i-serve niya niyang hulihan lahat.
29:19.6
Kasi successive service of sentences po.
29:22.6
Hindi po pwedeng isabay niyang i-serve.
29:24.6
So he has to serve all of them.
29:27.6
Meron ngang isang last Friday.
29:33.6
Ang malas talaga,
29:35.6
isang akusado, nag-plea bargaining siya.
29:38.6
Nag-plea bargaining siya for 4 counts of,
29:43.6
yung kaso niya is apat na drug case.
29:46.6
Tapos nag-avail siya ng plea bargaining.
29:49.6
He was allowed to plea bargain.
29:52.6
Tapos yung naging penalty sa kanya is
29:58.6
Dahil hindi lagpas ng 6 years yung conviction niya,
30:03.6
kasi 4 years each lang,
30:05.6
he can still avail of probation.
30:07.6
So nag-file siya ng probation.
30:09.6
The court granted him probation.
30:14.6
during his probation,
30:16.6
gumawa na naman ng kabulastugan.
30:20.6
Kasi yung mga probis,
30:23.6
yung mga convicts na under probation,
30:25.6
they have to report to the probation office.
30:28.6
Let's say every month.
30:29.6
Tapos kasi yung kaso niya is drugs,
30:33.6
periodically, yung probation office
30:37.6
nagkakandak ng drug test.
30:44.6
naging positive sa shabu,
30:47.6
sa methamphetamine hydrochloride yung
30:50.6
yung nabigyan ng probation.
30:53.6
Pag nag-violate ka ng probation,
30:55.6
you will have to serve time in jail na.
30:58.6
So yung apat na sentences niya at 4 years each,
31:02.6
he will have to serve a total of 16 years.
31:05.6
Yan po ang ibig sabihin ng
31:07.6
Successive Service of Sentence.
31:09.6
And then, theoretically, yes, no?
31:11.6
Pwede po umabot ng hanggang 40 years imprisonment.
31:14.6
Although, meron tayong 3-fold rule.
31:17.6
Ang import lang ng 3-fold rule is
31:19.6
dapat hindi lalagpas ng 40 years.
31:22.6
For example, si X,
31:24.6
hinatulan ng conviction for 3 counts of rape.
31:27.6
Diba? Yung rape has a penalty of reclusion perpetua.
31:32.6
Yung range po ng perpetua is up to 40 years.
31:37.6
So kung tatlong counts ng reclusion perpetua,
31:39.6
40 plus 40 plus 40, 120.
31:43.6
Imposible po yan na masi-serve niya.
31:46.6
Kahit na tatlo yung convictions niya for perpetua,
31:50.6
hanggang 40 years lang po ang isi-serve niya in jail.
31:55.6
From Hiraya Manowari,
31:58.6
Good evening Fiscal EJ.
32:00.6
Ano pong kaso pag minura ka through private message
32:03.6
sa social media and if so,
32:05.6
gaano po katagal ang prescription period?
32:11.6
Pag minura ka lang through private message directly sa'yo,
32:16.6
hindi through GC, hindi po siya pasok sa cyber libel.
32:23.6
Kasi wala pong ibang taong nakabasa ng mura
32:28.6
or ng mga defamatory statement laban sa'yo.
32:33.6
So pag directly po kayo minessage ng mga pagmumura,
32:38.6
mga defamatory statement,
32:40.6
you can probably file a case for unjust fixation.
32:45.6
Pero magiging cyber crime na yan dahil gumamit ka na ng social media
32:49.6
to unjustly vex another person.
32:52.6
One degree higher po yan.
32:54.6
Mga siguro, arresto mayor yung penalty diyan.
32:59.6
So pag arresto mayor, I think the prescriptive period po is 5 years.
33:08.6
Ej, libelous po ba ang salitang criminal given na convicted criminal ang inaakusahan?
33:15.6
Ang libel po kasi is kahit na po totoo yung accusation nyo sa isang tao,
33:25.6
pag wala po kayong good motives and justifiable ends,
33:30.6
sinabi nyo lang, wala kayong purpose bakit nyo sinabi yan,
33:35.6
kahit na totoo yung accusation nyo,
33:37.6
libel po pa rin yan.
33:40.6
You cannot just defame another person even if your accusation is true.
33:46.6
Kailangan meron kang sapat na justification
33:51.6
why you are publishing this accusation against the other person.
33:56.6
Itong question ni Sir Melo Yap.
33:59.6
May nagsasabi kasi lahat daw nang lumabas sa RTIA ay public figure na.
34:05.6
Kung ganyan yung standards, Sir Melo, lahat ng taong lumabas sa RTIA ay public figure na.
34:14.6
Ilan na bang taong lumabas doon sa RTIA?
34:17.6
Siguro, mga isang milyong tao na siguro sa tagal-tagal ng show na yan.
34:23.6
Hindi po siya, it does not necessarily follow na just because lumabas ka sa isang popular na radio program or TV show,
34:33.6
ay public figure ka na agad.
34:36.6
Cam Nico David, kasi kung ganyan ang definition ng public figure, lahat ng nag-guest,
34:43.6
tama yung sinabi ko, pareho kami ni Sir Nico.
34:47.6
Lahat ng nag-guest sa mga TV shows, RTIA, ay mga public figure. Siyempre, mali, di ba?
34:53.6
Tama ka. Mali. Mali yung nagsabi niyan.
34:57.6
Habang sa Prosecutor's Office ang kaso at merong citizen na nagpakalat ng kwento na masama ang sasabihin,
35:03.6
merong libel, meron po.
35:05.6
Pag ano, through any of the means where libel can occur,
35:13.6
like for example sa radio, or sinulat mo, or through a computer system, or through social media,
35:21.6
magiging cyber libel na po yan.
35:27.6
Okay, from unknown, tanong lang po,
35:31.6
makakatanggap po ba ng summons or subpoena kung may kasong criminal or civil case?
35:37.6
Yes po. Kung civil case po, the defendant will be receiving summons from the court.
35:47.6
Kasi yung summons po, yan yung mag-i-inform sa defendant na merong finial na kaso laban sa kanya.
35:55.6
And that is also a way of the court acquiring jurisdiction over the person of the defendant.
36:01.6
Ang sabpoena naman po is, depende, sabpoena galing sa fiscal or sabpoena galing sa court.
36:07.6
Sabpoena is, kung galing sa fiscal, ang purpose ng sabpoena is para,
36:13.6
just like the summons, ma-inform din yung respondent na merong i-finial na kaso laban sa kanya.
36:22.6
And pag nasa court na yung kaso, criminal case, ang purpose ng sabpoena is to inform him na,
36:30.6
he or she will be testifying in court for or against the defendant or the accused.
36:37.6
Yan po ang purpose ng sabpoena.
36:40.6
So definitely po, makakatanggap ng sabpoena yung taong pinadalhan, maliban na lang po kung umalis na siya sa last known address niya.
36:51.6
Ito, Fiscal EJ, good evening. Ano po masasabi mo sa pahayag ni SRT?
36:58.6
Na lahat daw ng prosecutor or fiscal, kaibigan daw ng police, corrupt daw sabi ni SRT sa hearing sa Senado.
37:05.6
Hindi ko po minamind yung mga ganyang statement. Kung meron mga statement na ganyan, ha?
37:13.6
Kasi hindi po ako ganyan. So I'm not affected po.
37:19.6
Okay, one last question po, before we call it a night. Sabi ni Roby CL, Fiscal, tanong lang po,
37:27.6
ano po ba ang kaso sa isang judge na tumatanggap ng suhol?
37:33.6
Bribery po, no? Yung taong nagsuhol, ang magiging criminal liability niya is corruption of a public officer.
37:42.6
Tapos yung public official na sinuhulan, he will be charged po of bribery.
37:48.6
Pag merong bribery, automatic na meron din corresponding corruption of public officer.
37:54.6
So dalawang crime po na mag-eexample.
37:57.6
This is agad, no? Yung taong nanuhol, ang tawag doon corrupting a public officer.
38:03.6
Tapos yung taong sinuhulan, or yung public official na sinuhulan, judges including, ang tawag po doon bribery.
38:11.6
Meron tayong direct bribery, indirect bribery, at saka qualified bribery.
38:16.6
Sabi ni Toyang, hindi po ba papasok din sa Graft and Corrupt Practices Act? Yes po.
38:24.6
Meron din pong provision doon sa Graft and Corrupt Practices Act.
38:27.6
But yung tanong kasi nung isang commenter, specific niya, sinuhulan.
38:32.6
So pag suhol, automatic na bribery yun.
38:39.6
Ito na lang po, no? From Anna May Dalay.
38:45.6
Hello po, watching from Kuwait. Sana po ma-discuss mo ang IPRA law para sa aming mga katutubo.
38:52.6
Next Saturday po, I will specifically discuss it po, no? For your consumption, Ma'am Anna May Dalay.
39:01.6
So maraming salamat po sa lahat, no? Thank you sa mga mods ko. Sila si Sir Nico Densabol.
39:08.6
Hopefully si Toyang, pero hindi ko alam yung username niya, hindi ko ma-search.
39:13.6
Si Sir Melo, at lahat po ng mga nandito po. Marami pong salamat. Pasensya na po, again, for my words, no?
39:22.6
Medyo nabubulol ako pag Tagalog talaga. Nahirapan akong mag...pag nagtatagalog ako, iniisip ko pa kung ano yung translation.
39:29.6
So siguro po, if I make this a regular thing, baka masanay na po ako and then hopefully po, mag-i-improve na po as time goes on.
39:39.6
So maraming salamat po and advance Merry Christmas. It's 23 days more to go, no? Before it's Christmas.
39:49.6
I hope na receive nyo na po yung mga bonuses nyo. Hindi pa ba naubos? O nakapagbili na ba kayo ng mga regalo nyo sa mga mahal nyo sa buhay?
39:59.6
Maraming salamat po and hope to see you next Saturday. God bless po.
40:19.6
Thank you for watching!
