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00:00.0
Good morning po sa lahat.
00:16.2
Eto na naman tayo. Ako si Fiscal EJ.
00:19.3
Today, we will be discussing
00:21.5
Common Legal Problem No. 2.
00:25.3
Ano ba yung Common Legal Problem No. 2
00:27.6
na naisipan kong i-discuss ngayon?
00:30.9
Ito yung tungkol sa tanong
00:34.2
kung paano ba magsampa ng kasong kriminal.
00:39.6
Let's say for example,
00:42.3
merong nanirang puri sa'yo sa Facebook.
00:45.7
I'm talking about libel.
00:48.6
May nagpost ng mga masasamang salita sa'yo
00:52.3
doon sa Facebook.
00:55.2
Pinoast niya sa Facebook account niya.
00:58.5
hindi lang nabasa mo,
01:01.0
nabasa din pati ng mga common friends nyo.
01:04.4
Or, kahit wala kayong common friends,
01:06.9
may merong mga taong nakabasa
01:13.4
ano ba ang dapat mong gawin
01:14.9
para masampahan mo ng kaso
01:19.1
ang tao na nanirang puri sa'yo?
01:25.4
Ang una mong gawin
01:30.0
take a screenshot
01:32.3
of the libelous post.
01:37.6
if Facebook friend mo na siya,
01:39.6
it would be easier for you
01:41.0
to take a screenshot of the post.
01:43.8
you should also take a screenshot
01:45.2
of that portion in Facebook
01:48.7
wherein Facebook acknowledges
01:50.7
that you are friends.
01:52.0
Pero kung hindi mo naman siya friends
01:54.5
you can also request
01:57.1
who is a Facebook friend.
01:59.7
to also take a screenshot
02:02.0
of the libelous post.
02:04.1
Ang reason dyan is,
02:06.7
para meron kang evidentia
02:12.1
sa complaint affidavit mo
02:17.7
before the physical's office.
02:19.8
Yun yung purpose nun.
02:24.2
meron kang mga sympathetic friends
02:27.8
ng Facebook, ng libelous
02:30.0
Facebook post niya,
02:31.8
you can also request them na
02:43.6
when they got to read
02:45.5
the libelous Facebook post.
02:51.8
a screenshot of that libelous
02:57.4
abugado, then you should go
02:59.5
to your lawyer. And it will be the lawyer
03:01.5
who will prepare for you
03:03.6
the complaint affidavit
03:07.0
supporting affidavits of your witnesses.
03:09.5
Yung mga witnesses na nakabasa
03:11.7
ng libelous na Facebook post.
03:16.0
kung wala kang pambayad na
03:17.4
abugado, you can go
03:19.6
directly to the PNP Cyber
03:21.6
Crime Office. Kasi yung
03:23.4
PNP natin, meron silang designated
03:25.5
na Cyber Crime Office.
03:36.8
in relation to cyber crime cases.
03:39.6
Kasi yung cyber libel
03:40.8
is also a cyber crime.
03:44.0
Or, you can go directly
03:45.6
to the police station
03:46.6
where you reside.
03:50.3
And then, meron din silang
03:51.6
investigator doon. Sila din yung tutulong
03:55.6
mag-gather na yung
03:57.2
evidence, meron ng affidavits
03:59.2
yung mga witnesses mo,
04:01.3
meron ka na ding affidavit complaint,
04:04.5
tapos na-verify na yung
04:12.0
that's the time na
04:15.6
Cyber Crime Office will then
04:17.3
write an endorsement
04:21.7
prosecution office concerned
04:25.7
them to investigate.
04:31.3
the filing of a criminal
04:33.4
case or an information against
04:36.9
who posted the libelous
04:41.2
once ma-file na yung complaint
04:43.3
mo doon sa fiscal's office,
04:45.8
the next question is, ano ba
04:47.1
ang gagawin ng fiscal doon sa complaint mo?
04:51.8
under the rules, will have to conduct
04:53.5
a preliminary investigation
04:55.2
of your case. Actually,
04:57.2
sa rules, the fiscal can
04:59.3
dismiss your complaint outright if he
05:01.3
finds no reason to continue
05:03.2
with the investigation. Or,
05:05.3
pwede rin na ang fiscal,
05:08.0
if he finds reason
05:09.2
to continue with the
05:11.8
investigation, he
05:15.3
for most prosecutors,
05:22.7
to the respondent,
05:24.9
meaning, papadalhan yung
05:26.9
respondent ng sabina
05:28.4
together with the
05:30.6
complaint and its
05:33.6
for purposes of him
05:36.3
to be able to answer your
05:38.8
complaint. Kasi part kasi na ng due process
05:43.8
panahon or opportunity
05:50.6
na makapag-submit ng
05:52.7
sagot niya or counter-affidavit
05:56.9
accusations ng complainant.
06:00.3
importante lang is
06:02.8
mabigyan ng oportunidad
06:07.1
na makapag-submit siya ng
06:08.9
counter-affidavit niya.
06:11.4
At saka affidavits din
06:12.9
ng mga witnesses niya if meron siya mga witnesses.
06:17.0
process ng preliminary investigation.
06:19.2
Wala nang trial dun. Dun sa fiscal's office,
06:23.1
Walang trial na mangyayari dun.
06:24.9
The most lang na may mangyayari dun,
06:26.9
is kung magpapatawag ng
06:28.8
clarificatory hearing ang fiscal,
06:32.0
kung meron siyang mga
06:39.0
hindi masagot dun sa
06:41.1
mga isinabmit na mga
06:42.9
affidavits, yun lang yung
06:48.4
tatawag siya ng clarificatory hearing.
06:51.1
And even during the clarificatory hearing,
06:53.4
walang mangyayaring trial.
06:56.9
Yung fiscal lang yung ang magtatanong
06:58.7
sa complainant, magtatanong din siya
07:03.1
base sa isinabmit
07:05.5
ng mga affidavits
07:06.6
for purposes of determining
07:08.8
probable cause. Yun lang yung
07:11.9
dun sa preliminary investigation.
07:17.1
ng abogado during the
07:18.9
clarificatory hearing sa fiscal? Hindi.
07:21.6
Kasi yung abogado naman,
07:22.9
hindi naman makakapagtanong din.
07:24.8
Wala silang gagawin dun except to
07:26.9
accompany their clients.
07:33.5
have been joined,
07:35.5
let's say, nakapag-conduct na ng
07:37.1
clarificatory hearing ang fiscal,
07:42.4
i-dedetermine na ng fiscal kung
07:45.2
meron bang probable cause.
07:47.4
Ano ba yung probable cause?
07:49.3
In layman's terms,
07:50.6
ang probable cause
07:54.5
facts and circumstances
07:56.9
as gathered by the prosecutor
08:01.9
to establish the probability na
08:04.7
merong crime na libel na nangyari
08:07.1
in my example. Tapos yung
08:09.2
nireklamo, siya ba yung
08:11.5
nag-commit ng crime?
08:14.2
And this probable cause
08:15.5
will then be the basis
08:17.4
of the prosecutor
08:18.5
for the filing of a criminal
08:21.5
case in court. Ang tawag dun sa
08:26.9
As usual, parating na naman ako
08:30.2
Thank you for watching and listening
