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00:00.0
You think that just because you're Spanish, that you're above us?
00:05.0
That's just my guess.
00:08.0
So he said, look, we're Filipinos. We deserve equality. Boom. Okay.
00:19.0
We deserve equality.
00:20.0
Yeah. Well, I totally know Tagalog.
00:30.0
Welcome back to my channel. It's me, Kirby Arroyo, your friendly Pinoy historian.
00:39.0
And since, you know, because today's video is a reaction video, I have a special guest.
00:47.0
It's me, you, your friendly mom friend.
00:52.0
Your friendly neighbor, right?
00:55.0
If you live nearby.
00:57.0
If you live nearby, I'm your friendly neighbor.
01:00.0
I'm your friendly neighbor.
01:03.0
Okay, are we ready to do this?
01:05.0
So today we're doing a reaction to one of the movies at the Metro Manila Film Festival or MMF.
01:13.0
So just a little bit of background. This festival is like an annual film festival in the Philippines.
01:17.0
Usually held around December, Christmas time, basically.
01:21.0
So the opening day is Christmas Day, the 25th.
01:23.0
Since 19... it is the 49th year, so 1975?
01:29.0
I don't know. Don't ask me.
01:30.0
It is the 49th year of the Metro Manila Film Festival.
01:34.0
Yeah, it's a celebration of Filipino talent, cinematic talent, you know, bringing local films to the spotlight during the whole festival.
01:41.0
They basically close... not close down.
01:43.0
They basically only show Filipino movies selected by the film festival throughout the whole week.
01:49.0
Or the whole month.
01:51.0
Correct me if I'm wrong. I'm forgetting.
01:53.0
It's been a while since I moved to California.
01:55.0
This year, they have 10 movies.
01:57.0
And there's a few that I really want to watch.
01:59.0
Even though they're not showing here yet.
02:01.0
So I asked my followers and my patrons first and my followers, you know, which of these movie trailers, which of the 10 should I react to?
02:09.0
Because I don't have time to react to all 10.
02:12.0
So the top result, the overwhelming...
02:15.0
The overwhelming result with like almost 80, 70, 80% of their votes and you can buy all of it is Gumburza.
02:23.0
Which is the movie we're reacting to today.
02:25.0
I think I saw that poll but I didn't vote.
02:29.0
Anyways, we're going to do a live reaction to this video.
02:32.0
I apologize because I did not realize that there are no English subtitles to this trailer.
02:38.0
And since you don't speak Gallagher Spanish, how do you want to do this?
02:43.0
She speaks German and Hmong so...
02:45.0
I'm just saying, you may not speak the Gallagher Spanish but you speak German and Hmong and English.
02:51.0
We're going to watch the whole thing and then watch it again.
02:55.0
Yeah, with the English translation.
02:59.0
Dejen de promover estas ideas radicales.
03:16.0
Long live the revolution.
03:27.0
Is that a Christmas song?
03:29.0
It's a church song but it's not a Christmas song.
03:41.0
Okay, I just thought it was a Christmas song.
03:46.0
Because I was busy reading the subtitles even though I have no idea how to read it.
03:51.0
Actually, before we go to the translations.
03:58.0
What are your first impressions from what you've seen before I translate it for you?
04:02.0
From what you picked up.
04:03.0
I know there's no German or Hmong in there but...
04:06.0
Okay, so from what I picked up, they were...
04:09.0
Looks like they're priests.
04:10.0
And they are fighting for what it seems to be very progressive views or values in the church.
04:20.0
And then it seems like they're going to like face barriers and challenges and resistance to it.
04:26.0
And then towards the end, unfortunately...
04:29.0
I mean, because I learned this through you, okay?
04:33.0
That the priests are unfortunately executed.
04:37.0
So that's unfortunate.
04:41.0
I mean, you learned this because I made a video in the past.
04:44.0
Like three years ago, I think.
04:47.0
And then Gamborza is like familiar to me because...
04:49.0
We also talked about it during the Dagundong reaction.
04:52.0
So if you haven't seen the Dagundong reaction, check it out.
04:56.0
But yeah, it seems like they're fighting for very progressive views.
05:00.0
And I don't know.
05:01.0
Again, the whole...
05:02.0
The plot is facing...
05:04.0
They are going to be facing a lot of resistance because maybe it's too much for the church.
05:10.0
So that's my first...
05:12.0
First take on it.
05:13.0
It's pretty accurate.
05:17.0
I know Tagalog now.
05:19.0
Okay, what was the song then?
05:20.0
Oh Christmas tree.
05:22.0
Oh Christmas tree.
05:24.0
No, that's not it.
05:27.0
I mean, you're on the right track because you thought it was a Christmas song.
05:31.0
But it is a Catholic...
05:32.0
A Tagalog Catholic song.
05:35.0
It's like a church song in the Philippines.
05:37.0
So it's something that somebody's like easily...
05:39.0
It'll be easily recognizable if you're...
05:44.0
90% of Filipinos are Christians.
05:47.0
The vast majority are Catholics.
05:50.0
I'm assuming they would know it.
05:51.0
Even, you know...
05:53.0
Even before they started singing it, when they just heard the humming, it already picked
05:56.0
So the title of the song is Pananagutan.
05:57.0
What does that mean?
05:58.0
It means, you know, being responsible, being accountable.
06:00.0
Because it literally means to answer for something.
06:02.0
So it talks about someone's responsibility.
06:03.0
It talks about your duty, your accountability.
06:04.0
So it's a really famous Filipino church song in Tagalog.
06:05.0
It's basically saying that we have a duty to each other.
06:07.0
Because there's a few lines.
06:08.0
Two big lines there is...
06:10.0
The first line would be...
06:18.0
So it's talking about, you know, we, all of us, each of us have to answer to each other.
06:34.0
So it talks about...
06:35.0
Basically talking about like we are all responsible for one another's well-being.
06:39.0
Basically, take care of each other.
06:40.0
We have a duty to take care of each other.
06:42.0
The second line would be...
06:44.0
Tayong lahat ay tinipo ng Diyos na ayaw.
06:48.0
So that line talks about God gathers all here to be with Him, to commune with Him, to be united.
06:56.6
So basically, it's talking about before God, the Creator, the Almighty, we all have this responsibility to take care of each other.
07:05.6
And it's a nice way of saying that we're all connected and we're all responsible for each other's well-being.
07:10.0
So it's a really nice song. It's a really inspiring, empowering song, if that made sense.
07:15.2
I mean, at least for me, when I heard it, I haven't heard it in a while, but when I heard it, it gave me little goosebumps like,
07:21.2
okay, yeah, we do have responsibility for each other. It's not just about church, you know, it's about the well-being of our society.
07:27.5
For me, even though the song is Catholic, even though it's a Catholic song, the concept of being responsible for each other,
07:33.4
like this collective, communal responsibility of each other is actually a pre-colonial aspect of our ancestors' culture that we kept.
07:42.3
So that when we became Catholic, then they also, I guess...
07:45.3
incorporated that, being responsible for taking care of each other, the duty to take care of the community.
07:50.4
And then literally, there's the line in the song, like, no one lives just for themselves, physically.
07:55.9
I mean, there are people who are selfish, but...
07:58.9
The song is telling us that we shouldn't be living just for ourselves, for our own sake, and we should take care of each other.
08:03.9
Yeah, so it's a very collective, communal...
08:06.9
So life is more than just ourselves.
08:10.9
And that we should, by living life to the fullest,
08:16.2
we are looking out for one another, we're all trying to just, again, not get by, but really thrive and get along and look out for one another.
08:26.2
Yeah, it's not just about getting along just for the sake of getting along.
08:30.2
It's also really like, you know, getting care of each other's needs, you know, giving back to the community.
08:34.2
That's the meaning of life, isn't it?
08:36.2
Yes, so basically, the song is telling us, it's reminding us that if your life is just all about you, you're selfish, then that's not a life.
08:44.2
You know? We all have our responsibilities.
08:46.2
And duty to take care of each other.
08:48.2
That's what being human is.
08:49.2
Yeah, we're not animals.
08:50.2
Even animals take care of each other.
08:52.2
So anyways, that's my first impression of the trailer, that the best part for me is literally the song.
08:58.2
Yeah, because it does already evoke that emotion of like, yes, we need to stand up for each other.
09:05.2
That's just the first impression.
09:20.2
So what was the...
09:24.2
You should know your place.
09:25.2
That was the first line.
09:27.2
We all should know our places.
09:28.2
But it's more like, you should know your place.
09:29.2
Okay, I'm gonna go now.
09:30.2
And then, I think from what I've seen, it's the Governor General of the Philippines, I'm assuming, telling the Filipino priest to know your place in this world.
09:43.2
He's telling him, stop spreading all these radical ideas.
09:48.2
And that's when he says, it ain't radical.
09:56.2
So basically, yes.
09:57.2
That's actually one of my favorite lines in the movie.
09:59.2
I mean, the trailer.
10:00.2
I was like, yeah.
10:02.2
He says, we are not being too much.
10:06.2
We are just enough.
10:13.2
You're having too much fun with this.
10:15.2
I cried when I laughed too hard.
10:16.2
We got as far as to him saying, look, dude.
10:21.2
Stop spreading these radical ideas.
10:24.2
And he corrected him.
10:25.2
He says, it's not radical ideas.
10:27.2
It's progressive ideas.
10:28.2
It's liberal ideas.
10:33.2
But during that time, was when?
10:36.2
That was a long time ago.
10:37.2
So, I guess for Filipinos today, when they hear liberal, they think of the liberal party, the Philippines.
10:42.2
Ninoy's party, basically.
10:43.2
But, I'm not going to get into that because it's a little hot topic debate.
10:44.2
That's a whole other topic for a whole other video.
10:46.2
But back then, liberal ideas refers to basically the enlightenment that was happening during
10:47.2
this time in the 1800s.
10:48.2
For example, nationalism, all these equality for all, under the law, justice, liberty,
10:50.2
Basically, the priest was just saying, these are not radical ideas.
10:51.2
These are just liberal ideas.
10:52.2
Free thinking ideas.
11:13.2
These are just free thinking ideas, basically ideas to promote equality.
11:14.2
It's not necessarily bad.
11:16.3
It's not bad, basically, it's what he's saying.
11:19.6
That's where the problem starts.
11:41.2
Okay, let's stop here.
11:44.9
Okay, so he said...
11:46.5
I'm just taking a guess here.
11:50.9
Look, we're Filipinos.
11:53.2
We deserve equality.
11:59.5
So here, there's another priest
12:01.8
that was saying that
12:03.0
what we are fighting for is equality, justice,
12:05.9
especially for us Filipinos.
12:09.1
We deserve equality.
12:10.1
Well, I totally know Tagalog.
12:15.1
Okay, okay, play.
12:29.5
Okay, I don't know any of that.
12:33.3
So the first old man talking,
12:36.5
Jaime Fabricas, the archdoctor,
12:38.1
I believe he's playing the archbishop
12:40.1
of Manila, who is a Spaniard.
12:42.2
So the archbishop of Manila was the highest
12:44.3
position in the Catholic Church in the Philippines,
12:46.2
especially during the colonial period, and it's usually
12:47.9
a white Spaniard. And he's
12:50.1
saying, telling the governor
12:52.1
general on the other side of the table that
12:53.9
the church is teaching us all
12:55.9
to be obedient, to obey,
12:58.0
to follow rules, you know, teaching
13:00.0
us all to be obedient. That's what he's saying.
13:02.2
That's what the Bible basically is telling
13:04.1
them, is teaching us. And then the governor
13:06.1
general answers, okay, at first, when I first
13:08.2
watched the trailer earlier, I was kind of
13:09.9
confused with the governor general's response
13:11.8
because I wasn't sure if he's affirming
13:14.2
it or... What I'm trying to say is that
13:16.0
the governor general basically said, like,
13:18.0
no, well, he didn't use the word no, but he said, like,
13:20.0
you're teaching Filipinos to exceed
13:22.2
their limitations, to exceed
13:24.1
what they were told their limits are.
13:25.6
So I was kind of confused if he's criticizing
13:28.0
the church people for teaching
13:29.9
Filipinos to be empowered. Or the priest.
13:32.3
Yeah, if they're teaching the Filipinos
13:36.0
beyond their limits, basically go beyond what
13:38.0
the colonial caste system
13:39.9
told them they are. Right? So I'm kind of
13:42.0
confused because, because that's what he said, but I'm trying to
13:44.0
figure out earlier if this governor general
13:46.1
was the good one or the bad one. Because there's, you know,
13:48.0
there's several governor generals in the Philippines throughout
13:50.1
the colonial period. They were the highest
13:52.0
political person in the Philippines
13:53.9
and military person in the Philippines during the
13:56.1
Spanish Empire. So yeah, I was trying to figure out which
13:58.0
governor general is this. Because if it's
13:60.0
the bad one, then he's saying, like, he's
14:02.0
castigating the church people for,
14:04.0
you know, why are you teaching them to go beyond their limits?
14:06.4
Right. But at the same time, he's talking to
14:08.0
the Archbishop of Medina during his time, who
14:09.9
was actually a very conservative guy
14:11.8
who wouldn't teach Filipinos to go beyond their limits.
14:14.0
Then I realized later that this governor
14:16.0
general that we saw here is actually
14:17.8
the good one, the more sympathetic one,
14:19.9
who probably, he's probably telling
14:21.8
the priest that, you know, no!
14:24.0
You should teach them that they
14:26.0
could exceed their limits, that they could
14:27.5
exceed whatever limitation
14:29.6
our colonial caste system put on them.
14:39.9
You think that just because
14:51.6
you're Spanish, that you're above
14:55.5
That's just my guess. That's probably true.
14:59.8
They're just saying that we're
15:01.6
talking about who's Spanish and who's not.
15:04.5
We're talking about,
15:05.7
you know, basically
15:07.3
the race caste system in the
15:09.7
colonial society. That's the issue
15:11.7
here. That's what they're saying, the priests are saying.
15:13.5
So I was right. Yes. Okay.
15:15.2
And the older priest was basically yelling
15:17.7
back, is this Spanish justice?
15:19.7
Is this justice in Spain, or
15:21.3
in the Spanish society? You know, it's like
15:23.4
questioning the morals of the Spanish Empire.
15:26.5
So a little bit of a
15:27.6
background, basically, for those who may not
15:29.7
be familiar, there was a caste
15:31.5
system in the Spanish Empire.
15:33.6
So in the Philippines, it would be
15:35.5
the Peninsularis, the, yeah,
15:37.4
Peninsularis, Insularis, Mestizos,
15:39.7
Those are the four caste system.
15:42.4
So the top is the Peninsularis.
15:44.3
From the word Peninsular, referring
15:45.7
to the Iberian Peninsula, which is basically
15:47.5
Spain and Portugal. So
15:49.4
they refer to the Spaniards
15:51.4
born in Spain. Spaniards
15:53.4
born in Spain. White Spaniards,
15:55.9
pure-blooded white Spaniards, born
15:59.1
Now all the top positions in
16:01.7
any institution in the Philippines,
16:03.9
in the colonies back then, not just the Philippines,
16:05.6
but throughout the Empire, was reserved
16:07.4
to the top. Peninsularis.
16:11.7
Yes. So the Peninsularis, yeah.
16:13.7
So they are the, from the Peninsula.
16:15.7
From the mother, from the
16:17.7
capital, basically, from Spain itself.
16:19.7
So those are the pure-blooded white Spaniards
16:21.7
from the capital. Or not just the capital,
16:23.7
but the entire state, you know.
16:25.7
So that's the top. And right after them, are the
16:27.7
Insularis. Insularis.
16:29.7
And that refers to the white
16:31.7
Spaniards, pure-blooded still,
16:33.7
you know, still pure-blooded white Spaniards,
16:35.7
but this time, they're born in the Philippines, in the island.
16:37.7
So those are the Insularis.
16:41.7
Islanders, basically. Okay.
16:43.7
Actually, we now say Filipino
16:45.7
to refer to the natives, or not just natives,
16:47.7
but you know, to refer to the people of the Philippines
16:49.7
who identify as Filipinos. But back then,
16:51.7
especially during this time, it was actually during the 1800s
16:53.7
where, when the native-born Filipinos
16:55.7
started to reclaim the identity of Filipino.
16:57.7
But back then, Filipino,
16:59.7
the term, only applied to the
17:01.7
Insularis. The term
17:03.7
Filipinos only applied
17:07.7
pure-blooded Spaniards, born
17:09.7
in the Philippines. Yes.
17:11.7
The Insularis. Yes.
17:13.7
Okay. So originally,
17:15.7
the term Filipino referred to them.
17:17.7
And it was during the 1800s, during this
17:19.7
liberalism movement, this
17:21.7
disenlightening movement,
17:23.7
that these terms, Filipinos,
17:27.7
the native people who were born in the Philippines.
17:29.7
First by native-born mixed
17:31.7
Filipinos, and then spread throughout
17:33.7
the whole country, throughout the whole
17:35.7
colony, to refer to the people who are from
17:37.7
the Philippines, regardless of their ethnic
17:39.7
background. Yes. Okay.
17:41.7
By the way, I do have a video on the first person to
17:43.7
reclaim their identity, so check it out.
17:45.7
It's an old video. Nice. Check out
17:47.7
the playlist. I'll include a playlist of relevant
17:49.7
videos in the links below.
17:51.7
Yes. Oh, wait. I didn't
17:53.7
explain the other two.
17:55.7
The other two? Oh, right. Yes.
17:57.7
So right under the Insularis were the
17:59.7
Indios. The Indios. Okay.
18:01.7
So, if you can guess,
18:05.7
indigenous. Yes. From the same
18:07.7
root word. So it refers to the
18:09.7
diverse ethnicities in the Philippines
18:11.7
because there's over a hundred ethnic groups
18:13.7
in the Philippines. So there's the Kamampangan, the Ilocanos,
18:15.7
the Seduanos, the Bicolanos,
18:17.7
the Udawaray. But basically, yeah, it refers
18:19.7
to the native indigenous populations
18:21.7
of the Philippines. Those are the Indios. Okay.
18:23.7
And then, oh, I skipped
18:27.7
So, Peninsulares, Insularis,
18:29.7
Mestizos. Oh, Mestizos.
18:31.7
The Mestizos are the mixed race.
18:33.7
Okay. So right in between
18:37.7
and the Indios were the Mestizos.
18:39.7
So they're the mixed blood people.
18:41.7
So it could be a different mix. So in the Philippines,
18:43.7
we just refer to them as Mestizos,
18:45.7
meaning mixed, and it could be... With anything?
18:47.7
Yeah. Or anybody. Yes. It could be like a...
18:49.7
Usually, it's a mix of an indigenous
18:51.7
and a Spaniard, or a Spanish or a Chinese.
18:53.7
Today, we refer to them as Mestizos
18:55.7
in general, but if you really look at
18:57.7
the record, you know, in the colonial society,
18:59.7
it's even more intricately
19:01.7
separated. So if you go to places like Mexico,
19:03.7
you'll see these huge-ass paintings
19:05.7
of the different types of race and different types
19:07.7
of mixes of different races.
19:09.7
So there's different levels.
19:11.7
Basically, it depends on
19:13.7
how much percentage of white blood you have.
19:15.7
And how much percentage of
19:17.7
Indian or Indio blood you have.
19:19.7
Or Chinese blood you have.
19:21.7
And then there's different terms. There's Lobo,
19:23.7
which means wolf.
19:25.7
Tornatras, which means you turn back.
19:27.7
Instead of gaining more white blood, you lost
19:29.7
and gained more Indian blood,
19:33.7
No, Indio and Indian are the same word.
19:35.7
So, yes. So it's a complicated
19:37.7
hierarchy of caste
19:39.7
race system. So the Mestizo towards
19:41.7
the Indios, you could
19:43.7
basically see it as like a gradient.
19:45.7
Yes. The gradient between the brown
19:49.7
The first two layers are pure white.
19:51.7
They just happen to be born in different places.
19:53.7
And then the middle one is the gradient
19:55.7
and then the brown one.
19:57.7
And then, what's not included in the caste
19:59.7
system are the other indigenous people,
20:01.7
the Aitas, who are not
20:03.7
part of the colonial society because
20:05.7
they were not conquered.
20:07.7
And two, they were not considered basically as humans.
20:09.7
So they're outside the caste.
20:11.7
Now those are the black people
20:13.7
of the Philippines. Indigenous black people.
20:15.7
It's very racist.
20:17.7
It is. And if you think about it,
20:21.7
what is it? It's like a
20:23.7
colonial sort of method
20:27.7
categorizing people
20:31.7
That's what he meant in the beginning.
20:33.7
You should know your place. You should know your place.
20:35.7
Basically, to do these things.
20:37.7
You're not one of us. Know your place.
21:09.7
This is like my best guess, okay?
21:15.7
not with us, you're against
21:19.7
In a way, that's the next
21:23.7
Okay, okay, hold on.
21:25.7
And he also goes,
21:27.7
look, you don't know what you're talking about.
21:29.7
You don't know what you're
21:31.7
talking about, okay?
21:33.7
But what we're talking about
21:35.7
is basic human rights.
21:39.7
yes. But not exactly.
21:41.7
Okay, okay, okay.
21:43.7
You go, you go, you go. So this first part,
21:45.7
he was saying, they were dragging the younger
21:47.7
priest, or the younger priest, away.
21:49.7
So they're dragging him away and he's
21:51.7
yelling, hold on, you're not listening
21:53.7
to us. You're not listening to me.
21:55.7
And then it goes on to the part where
21:57.7
you see Filipinos, the educated
21:59.7
Filipinos, usually
22:01.7
during the time of the 1800s, the ones
22:03.7
who could afford the education are the
22:05.7
wealthier Filipinos who are usually the mestizo class.
22:07.7
And then they were just talking to each other,
22:09.7
I guess, in this few scenes.
22:11.7
They're just talking about how the friars,
22:13.7
the friars, the friars.
22:15.7
Because you know how I talked about, you know,
22:17.7
the caste system in the whole society?
22:19.7
It also applies to the church, you know?
22:21.7
So the highest position, the highest priest,
22:23.7
the highest position in the Catholic Church
22:25.7
in the Philippines, the institutions have always been
22:27.7
the white Spaniards. Spanish.
22:29.7
The peninsularists.
22:31.7
Yeah, they could be insularists,
22:33.7
they could be peninsularists. Okay.
22:35.7
Basically, they're saying that,
22:37.7
they're asking a question, haven't you all experienced
22:39.7
bad treatment, injustices,
22:41.7
oppression from the friars,
22:43.7
the friars? And then they're saying, yes,
22:45.7
we've all experienced oppression from the friars.
22:47.7
They're talking about how the friars have
22:49.7
acted as if they own the Philippines.
22:51.7
You know, they've acted
22:53.7
as if they own the islands, as if
22:55.7
we're just slaves to them. They're treating us as if
22:57.7
we're just slaves to them. Anyone who's not
22:59.7
white was a slave to the friars.
23:01.7
Regardless of your might,
23:03.7
regardless of your education, regardless of
23:05.7
your ethnic background, that's what they're saying.
23:07.7
As long as you're not white, you know. That's what they're
23:09.7
basically saying in their gathering. So,
23:11.7
yeah, so that's actually the whole issue here
23:13.7
is the church. So this movie talks about
23:15.7
the Gumburza. So the Gumburza we didn't talk about
23:17.7
earlier. The Gumburza stands for the names
23:19.7
of the three priests. Gomez, Burgos, Zamora.
23:21.7
The first syllable of their
23:23.7
last name. So Gumburza stands
23:25.7
for Gomez, Burgos, Zamora.
23:27.7
The last names of the three priests that were arrested
23:29.7
and executed in 1872.
23:31.7
But basically here what's going on is that
23:33.7
you know, there's the racism
23:35.7
and the white supremacy, the oppression,
23:37.7
the corruption in the church too.
23:39.7
Because the thing is, during this time, the Catholic Church in the
23:41.7
Philippines is actually the most powerful institution
23:43.7
in the Philippines. Even though technically
23:45.7
it should be the government, the filial government.
23:47.7
The influence of the church was
23:49.7
so big and so powerful
23:53.7
even get rid of Governor General.
23:55.7
There was even a famous painting of a
23:57.7
Governor General being murdered.
23:59.7
I'll flash the painting here.
24:01.7
By the church? Yeah.
24:03.7
So there's this famous painting
24:05.7
and it's an incident in the 1700s
24:07.7
where the Governor General enacted policies
24:09.7
that threatened the power of the friars.
24:11.7
So a mob of friars basically lynched
24:13.7
and killed him in the staircase
24:15.7
of the palace. Yikes.
24:17.7
So there is corruption in the church in the Philippines.
24:19.7
There's a part where, there's a part in the
24:21.7
trailer that we just saw where one of the Filipino
24:23.7
priests was standing next to the Governor General.
24:25.7
And that's the line where somebody
24:27.7
someone at first, one of the Filipino
24:29.7
educated students was like, is it
24:31.7
time to sprinkle some
24:33.7
liberalism to the friars?
24:35.7
Some enlightenment ideas
24:37.7
to the friars? So there's basically
24:39.7
I guess saying that it's time to also
24:41.7
rally the friars or
24:43.7
we need to raise their awareness so they can
24:45.7
be sympathetic to us or raise their awareness among
24:47.7
the other priests, the Filipino priests in the system
24:49.7
that are also oppressed by the same friars.
24:51.7
And then somebody responded with, the winds
24:53.7
of change are coming, you know.
24:55.7
Or the winds are changing, the direction, literally
24:57.7
the direction of the wind is changing.
24:59.7
The tide. Yes, there we go.
25:01.7
The tide of change is coming.
25:03.7
It's just that literally they said
25:05.7
winds. Okay. Yeah. And then they flashed
25:07.7
this image of this Governor General
25:09.7
on a balcony at a big celebration
25:11.7
with a Filipino priest next to him.
25:13.7
So that did happen during this time.
25:15.7
So during this time, there's a new
25:17.7
Governor General in the Philippines,
25:19.7
what's his name? If I'm not mistaken, it's Carlos
25:21.7
Maria De La Torre. He's the Governor General
25:23.7
in the Philippines, who was actually a liberal from Spain.
25:25.7
So he's also a free thinker. He's
25:27.7
also part of that liberalism movement in Spain.
25:29.7
He was assigned to the Philippines and when he got to the Philippines
25:31.7
he was impressed by
25:33.7
some of the Filipino intellectuals.
25:35.7
One of them is a priest. Jose Burgos.
25:37.7
Pepe. So the middle name of the
25:39.7
priest. So Pepe Burgos, Jose.
25:41.7
Pepe is in the name of Jose. So when the
25:43.7
Governor General arrived in
25:45.7
Manila, usually what happens, Filipinos
25:49.7
As you can see. You've seen it
25:51.7
when I did my lectures in the Philippines and the whole production
25:53.7
before I even get on stage.
25:55.7
So we love ceremonies even before
25:57.7
colonialism. We always love ceremonies.
25:59.7
And then colonialism happened and there's another layer
26:01.7
of ceremonial things. So whenever
26:03.7
there's a new Governor General in the Philippines
26:05.7
gets appointed and arrives in Manila, there's this
26:07.7
huge-ass parade of celebration.
26:09.7
It's like a coronation in
26:11.7
London. There's a new Governor General who represents
26:13.7
the King of Spain. And usually,
26:15.7
when they go to the balcony and wave to the people
26:19.7
whoever stands next to the Governor General is the most
26:21.7
important person after the
26:23.7
Governor General. And traditionally,
26:25.7
it has always been the Archbishop
26:29.7
Who is, up to this point in history,
26:31.7
always a pure white-blooded
26:35.7
But this Governor General
26:37.7
asked the Filipino priest
26:39.7
to stand next to him, not the Archbishop.
26:41.7
So that's drama. That's already like
26:43.7
a real-life slap in the face of the
26:45.7
Archbishop that you are not
26:47.7
my friend. And that brings
26:49.7
me back, I guess, to the first scene
26:53.7
discussing, we're teaching obedience.
26:55.7
No, you have to teach them
26:57.7
to go beyond the limits. This Governor
26:59.7
General is an ally of the Filipino.
27:05.7
But spoiler alert, like we talked
27:07.7
about, you know, how the friars were threatened
27:09.7
by this one Governor General a hundred years before and
27:11.7
murdered him. So this time, instead
27:13.7
of killing the Governor, they just
27:15.7
used their influence to pull the strings
27:17.7
to have him recalled back to Spain.
27:19.7
And Spain replaced him with
27:21.7
a more conservative and
27:23.7
more violent Governor.
27:27.7
executed the priest. But we'll get to that later.
27:29.7
Yes. So there's a promise.
27:31.7
I don't know. Are you with me?
27:35.7
What are you planning to do, Pepe?
27:39.7
Viva la Revolucion!
27:45.7
There's no trace of him.
27:47.7
Okay, men. There's a lot of them among us.
27:51.7
Let's take care of
27:53.7
the light of that
27:57.7
That's what will protect our lives,
28:13.7
Okay, so that's the end.
28:15.7
Okay, let me backtrack. There's a lot
28:17.7
going on. So at first, the
28:19.7
first guy was saying, now what? Are you joining
28:21.7
us? Yeah. Trying to hold
28:23.7
motion too. You know, what? Are you gonna joining us?
28:25.7
Are you joining us?
28:29.7
You know, after discussing
28:31.7
all these injustices, what are you gonna do?
28:33.7
Are you gonna join the movement to fight for our rights?
28:35.7
And then, we go to
28:37.7
the scene where the
28:39.7
Trigoburzas talking to each other basically. The older
28:41.7
one, Father Gomez, is asking one of the
28:43.7
younger ones, Father Burgos, so what are you
28:45.7
planning to do, Pepe? And Pepe was like,
28:47.7
I don't know. We'll see. Actually, he didn't say
28:49.7
after watching it again, I don't think he said,
28:51.7
we'll see. He just didn't respond. He just looked at the priest
28:53.7
which means like, you know, I'm gonna fight.
28:55.7
And then you hear the youngest
28:57.7
one, if I'm not mistaken, the youngest one, Father
28:59.7
Zamora, playing cards and playfully saying
29:01.7
Viva la revolucion! Long live
29:03.7
the revolution! Yes.
29:05.7
While playing games. I mean, while playing
29:07.7
card games. Or gambling. I hope they're not gambling.
29:09.7
That would be bad for a priest.
29:11.7
But yeah, he yells, Viva
29:13.7
la revolucion! Long live the revolution.
29:15.7
Which is surprising because during this time,
29:17.7
it wasn't a revolution yet. Yeah.
29:19.7
In the Philippines, it was more of a movement to reform the
29:21.7
church, to reform the colonial society. They're
29:23.7
not there yet at the revolution stage which
29:25.7
happened like decades later during the time
29:27.7
of Jose Rizal and Bonifacio.
29:29.7
So, I'm interested why
29:31.7
they chose the word revolucion in this
29:33.7
line. But then, you know, there's
29:35.7
another voice that we hear that says
29:37.7
like, don't worry. A lot of people will be joining
29:39.7
us. Don't be afraid.
29:41.7
A lot of people will join us.
29:43.7
And then it goes back to the priest
29:45.7
talking to each other. I think by this time
29:47.7
they were in their jail cell after they were arrested.
29:49.7
They're just talking about how
29:51.7
it is their responsibility to protect
29:53.7
the good. I'm not
29:55.7
really sure what they're talking about because in our
29:57.7
language, we use different languages
29:59.7
in the Philippines, indigenous language in the Philippines.
30:01.7
Things are, you know, even inanimate things,
30:03.7
we talk to them as if they're animate things.
30:05.7
You know, it's not in English. That's just
30:07.7
a mic. That's it. But us, we use
30:09.7
pronouns as if it's a person.
30:11.7
So, I'm not sure if they're talking about a specific person
30:13.7
or the Filipino people in general or the country
30:15.7
in general or just the church in general.
30:17.7
But they're saying that we must protect the good in it.
30:19.7
In him, in them, you know. We must protect it.
30:21.7
We must protect the light.
30:23.7
At all costs, we must protect the light. And this
30:25.7
is where, basically, they're talking about, this is
30:27.7
the altar where we offer our lives.
30:29.7
You know, our sacrifices. Basically,
30:31.7
they're saying that we must sacrifice our lives to protect the light.
30:33.7
That's the only way to protect the light. We must sacrifice
30:35.7
our lives. And then the older priest was saying,
30:37.7
and hopefully, our death,
30:39.7
our execution, would
30:41.7
spark the movement
30:43.7
to change things, basically.
30:45.7
Or basically, literally to, not literally, but you know,
30:47.7
or basically to bring us out of the
30:49.7
darkness. Hopefully, our death would spark the light
30:51.7
to bring us out, bring our community, the country
30:53.7
out of the darkness of colonialism
30:55.7
and corruption. And then
30:57.7
that's basically it. That's the end of the
30:59.7
trailer. And then it
31:01.7
flashes their name again. Yeah, Gumburza.
31:03.7
Gumburza. Which is a good reminder to young filipinos.
31:07.7
there's a recent meme
31:09.7
going on because of a reality show
31:11.7
where the younger folks
31:13.7
on the TV show did not know who the Gumburza
31:15.7
were. They said Manjoha instead of
31:17.7
Gumburza, which, I'm not sure the context
31:19.7
of this scene. I did not see the episode.
31:21.7
But basically, which kind of
31:23.7
reflects how, so it just shows how
31:25.7
we need to reform
31:27.7
and fix the education
31:29.7
system in the Philippines, the crisis of education
31:31.7
in the Philippines that we don't even know
31:33.7
in history. That's so sad. But yeah,
31:35.7
so they're talking about, you know, the revolution
31:37.7
or like the movement, to spark
31:39.7
the movement. And then
31:41.7
it was sadly executed. Yeah.
31:43.7
Whatever they said happened. Like, you know, hopefully our death
31:45.7
and it did die. But,
31:47.7
unfortunately for Madre España,
31:49.7
or Mother Spain, that's how they called Spain back
31:51.7
then. Unfortunately for Madre España,
31:55.7
spark a movement. You know, so,
31:57.7
before them, there were, there's a lot of
31:59.7
movements already, but it wasn't as,
32:01.7
people were not as angry yet. But their death
32:03.7
literally led to the revolution
32:05.7
that defeated Spain
32:07.7
and declared the Philippines as an independent
32:11.7
Nice, nice. I mean,
32:13.7
sad about their deaths, but
32:15.7
glad about people standing
32:17.7
up and seeing the injustice and
32:19.7
doing something about it. Yeah, and not just,
32:21.7
you know, not just poetically, but literally
32:23.7
the person, or like one of,
32:25.7
or, what do you call this? Placenta
32:27.7
his older brother, his kuya, Paciano,
32:29.7
was an assistant to one
32:31.7
of the priests, or was a priest.
32:33.7
So he was being mentored
32:35.7
by one of the priests when he was young. Yeah.
32:37.7
Paciano saw the execution
32:39.7
himself. So in the crowd,
32:41.7
there was actually 40,000 Filipinos who
32:43.7
were recorded to watch the execution
32:45.7
of the priest. So in the crowd,
32:47.7
one of them was Paciano, and he sees his mentor
32:49.7
being killed for standing
32:51.7
up for what is right. So he
32:53.7
took that, you know, he internalized
32:55.7
it, I guess, and took that in,
32:57.7
and you know, instead of, he's smart,
32:59.7
instead of like fighting back right away, he
33:01.7
instilled those liberal
33:03.7
ideas, those enlightened ideas
33:05.7
of equality, justice for all,
33:07.7
into his younger brother. Because there's a
33:09.7
big gap between their age. So he was
33:11.7
helping raise Jose Rizal, the youngest son,
33:13.7
to embody those ideas, to
33:15.7
espouse those ideas and fight for
33:17.7
the rights of the Filipinos. He was being
33:19.7
strategic. Yes. And actually,
33:21.7
without Paciano, without him being
33:23.7
inspired by these priests, Jose Rizal
33:25.7
would probably not even go to Europe to study.
33:27.7
So he made sure that his brother, his younger brother,
33:29.7
Pepe, whose also nickname is Pepe, Jose Rizal,
33:31.7
would study in Spain,
33:33.7
in the best universities in Spain,
33:35.7
would travel Europe and
33:37.7
learn more from the enlightened ideas in Europe,
33:39.7
and bring those ideas back into the Philippines.
33:41.7
Not just Jose Rizal, there's a lot of them, but he made sure
33:43.7
that his brother was one of them. Yeah.
33:45.7
And when Jose Rizal wrote the two novels
33:47.7
that sparked the Philippine Revolution,
33:49.7
talking about the corruption, he
33:51.7
actually dedicated one of the books to the Gumbuzas.
33:55.7
So there's a direct link between the Gumbuzas
33:57.7
and the later revolution in the Philippines.
33:59.7
Although during this time, I'm surprised
34:01.7
he used the word revolution because it wasn't a revolution yet.
34:03.7
Yeah, it was leading up to be
34:05.7
a revolution. Yes.
34:09.7
were they arrested
34:11.7
in the first place?
34:13.7
The priests, the three priests, the Gumbuzas.
34:21.7
That's too far ago.
34:23.7
Too long ago. But the three priests
34:25.7
were arrested in 1872
34:27.7
because they were outspoken about the issue
34:29.7
of secularization. So this issue,
34:31.7
to summarize it, is basically
34:35.7
unequal treatment between the Filipino priests
34:37.7
and the white priests. So during this time, there's a
34:39.7
movement amongst Filipino priests who are
34:41.7
equally qualified as white priests,
34:43.7
but they're not getting anything.
34:45.7
They're not. They're not.
34:47.7
Having their top positions.
34:49.7
Not just top positions, but even
34:51.7
in the smallest positions, they don't have a say.
34:53.7
Oh. So even in their own parish,
34:55.7
you're the priest assigned to that
34:57.7
village, for example. You don't even have a
34:59.7
say on what goes on. You just follow
35:01.7
orders from a superior who's
35:03.7
white. So there's a lot of issues.
35:05.7
I made a video about the Gumbuzas in the past, so you can
35:07.7
look it up. I explained it there.
35:09.7
But basically, they were
35:11.7
outspoken about the issue. But that's not the reason
35:13.7
they were arrested. Well, that's a real reason, but on
35:15.7
paper, that wasn't enough to arrest them.
35:17.7
So what happened was that
35:19.7
they were arrested and executed
35:21.7
in February 1572.
35:23.7
A month prior, in January
35:27.7
mutiny. There's an uprising of
35:29.7
workers in Cavite,
35:31.7
which is a shipyard, the
35:33.7
port of Cavite, which is a shipyard
35:35.7
where they build ships, Spanish ships,
35:37.7
in the colonial empire. There was an uprising
35:39.7
of, I think, about 200
35:41.7
Filipino workers there, fighting
35:43.7
for their rights as workers, fighting to be treated equally,
35:47.7
Polio y Servicio, which is
35:49.7
the Spanish policy in the colonies
35:51.7
in the Philippines where it's
35:53.7
forced labor. So it's not slavery
35:55.7
on paper, but it's practically slavery
35:57.7
because they force people
35:59.7
to do certain days, certain number
36:01.7
of days in the harshest conditions.
36:03.7
Long story short, it's practically slavery.
36:05.7
Again, watch the video, my old video, to learn more
36:07.7
about it. There was that mutiny,
36:09.7
so they used that
36:11.7
as a pretext, as a reason on
36:13.7
paper to arrest a priest.
36:15.7
They basically accused a priest of
36:17.7
instigating this mutiny. They accused
36:19.7
a tree priest of basically
36:21.7
being a terrorist for just being an activist.
36:25.7
So it was false charges. Yeah.
36:27.7
They even bribed witnesses
36:29.7
to link the priest to the mutiny.
36:31.7
Not to say that the mutiny, though
36:33.7
the workers who were fighting for their rights were
36:35.7
terrorists, they're not. Mm-hmm.
36:37.7
But you know, that's how they described it.
36:39.7
So they were accused of being
36:41.7
the leaders of that mutiny, that violent
36:43.7
uprising, you know, as if
36:45.7
it was violent. Yeah, yeah.
36:47.7
To arrest them, which eventually led
36:49.7
to their execution. Mm-hmm.
36:51.7
They're hoping that by killing them,
36:55.7
equality for Filipinos will be squashed.
36:57.7
But again, unfortunately for Madre de España,
36:59.7
it instead sparked
37:01.7
an even bigger movement
37:03.7
later on. So yeah, so
37:05.7
the whole issue that they were fighting for,
37:07.7
well, not that they didn't care about the workers, but the
37:09.7
specific issue that these priests were fighting for
37:11.7
was secularization, which means, you know,
37:13.7
the more active role and more
37:15.7
ability, more freedom for the Filipino
37:17.7
priests to do what they have to do in the Catholic Church.
37:21.7
yeah, just overall, in the 1800s,
37:25.7
an enlightened movement happening in Europe.
37:27.7
That's why a lot of Filipinos went to Spain to study, you know,
37:29.7
including my ancestor, Manuel Arroyo,
37:31.7
who became the Chief Justice of the Philippines.
37:33.7
Mm-hmm. But basically, long story short,
37:35.7
there's a lot of Spaniards who are actually
37:37.7
sympathetic with Filipino plight for
37:39.7
equality and justice. Not necessarily for
37:41.7
independence, but they understand that we needed
37:43.7
to be treated equal. Yeah. You know?
37:45.7
So it's like baby steps, in a way.
37:47.7
Mm-hmm. So one of those plight,
37:49.7
or like one of those baby steps, is
37:51.7
to have Filipino representation in the Spanish parliament,
37:53.7
the Cortes. And it did happen
37:55.7
in the 1800s. For a brief period in
37:57.7
Spanish history, there was Filipino representation
37:59.7
in the parliament of Spain. And, fun
38:01.7
fact, one of those earliest
38:03.7
representatives of the Philippines in the Spanish
38:05.7
parliament is actually
38:07.7
Jose Rizal's own grandfather,
38:09.7
Lorenzo Alberto, who is also
38:11.7
a distant ancestor of mine,
38:13.7
from my grandfather's mom, who's an Alberto.
38:15.7
Fun fact, Jose Rizal's mom is
38:17.7
actually an Alberto, but she did not carry
38:19.7
the name because she's an illegitimate daughter.
38:21.7
Mm-hmm. So she carried the middle name, Alonso.
38:23.7
Mm-hmm. But she took the Alonso one
38:25.7
because she couldn't take the Alberto because she's not
38:27.7
a legitimate daughter. Mm-hmm.
38:29.7
Mm-hmm. So, long story
38:31.7
short, even Jose Rizal himself also
38:33.7
had a Spanish mentor. Mm-hmm.
38:35.7
A Spaniard was a mentor. P.E.
38:37.7
Margal, who became president of Spain
38:39.7
for a brief period, he became president of
38:41.7
democratic Spain, who was actually
38:43.7
a mentor of Jose Rizal. So, what I'm
38:45.7
trying to say is that, just because they're Spaniard,
38:47.7
they're not, it doesn't mean that they're automatically
38:49.7
evil and manipulative
38:51.7
and, you know, corrupted.
38:53.7
There were good Spaniards who were
38:55.7
on our side in this fight for equality
38:57.7
and freedom. And also, just because you're
38:59.7
Filipino or brown, it doesn't mean
39:01.7
that you're automatically on the side of good
39:03.7
because there's also bad Filipinos who took
39:05.7
the side of Spain or even who were in the revolution
39:07.7
but they were just doing it for themselves.
39:09.7
Mm-hmm. That's not the meaning
39:11.7
of life. Yes. That's not the meaning
39:13.7
of life. That's not the meaning of revolution.
39:15.7
Yeah. So, there's a lot of nuances, which
39:17.7
I'm glad that they're trying to show in this movie. So far
39:19.7
from what I've seen, they're trying to show these nuances
39:21.7
in the movie. Mm-hmm.
39:23.7
And just because, you know, just because the revolution
39:25.7
happened, and then the Spanish-American War
39:27.7
happened, the Filipino-American War happened, doesn't mean that
39:29.7
things changed. So, the issues that
39:31.7
these Gumburs and Priests were fighting for,
39:33.7
the secularization, the rights of the Filipino
39:35.7
Priests in the Church, it was still happening
39:37.7
in the 1900s. So, 28
39:39.7
years. I mean, it's still happening now.
39:41.7
Right? Not the issues
39:43.7
in the Church. Yes. But issues
39:45.7
outside of the Church, like equal rights,
39:47.7
you know, representation. Yes, yes. I mean,
39:49.7
we're still fighting for all those things. Yes, yes.
39:51.7
Overall, yes, we're still fighting for those things. But the specific
39:53.7
issue that the Priests... In the Church. Yes, that we're fighting
39:55.7
for in the Church are still happening
39:57.7
28 years later, three decades
39:59.7
later, in the 1900s. After...
40:01.7
After we already kicked out the
40:03.7
Spaniards, after the revolution with
40:05.7
Jose Rizal and Bonifacio,
40:07.7
you know, after Aguinaldo declared it Philippine
40:09.7
independence in 1898. Okay.
40:11.7
By the 1900s, the same issue
40:13.7
in the Church was still happening. The Catholic Church
40:15.7
was still corrupted in the Philippines.
40:17.7
So, now we have a new generation
40:19.7
of Priests from the same movement
40:21.7
as the Gumbursa fighting for the same rights of
40:23.7
the Philippine Priests. Yeah, yeah. So, I just want to
40:25.7
give a shout out to my
40:27.7
ancestor, Salustiano Arroyo.
40:29.7
So, Salustiano Arroyo was a Priest.
40:31.7
And he was one of the two Priests
40:33.7
who went to Spain. The other one was Father Jose
40:35.7
Chanco. So, Father Jose Chanco
40:37.7
and Father Salustiano Arroyo in February
40:39.7
of 1900, like 28 years
40:41.7
after the Gumbursas were killed,
40:43.7
went to Europe, went to Rome
40:45.7
to meet with the Pope, to ask the Pope, or to
40:47.7
plead, to present the Pope the plea, you know,
40:49.7
the issues the Filipino Priests were fighting
40:51.7
for. Yeah. Like, look, Pope. We're
40:53.7
still fighting for this decades later.
40:55.7
You know. Yeah. So, that was, yeah,
40:57.7
that happened in 1900. Sadly,
40:59.7
the Pope, Pope Leo XIII
41:01.7
or the XII, I forgot the number, but the Pope Leo
41:03.7
said no. Surprise! He rejected
41:05.7
my ancestor's plea
41:07.7
for equal rights to the Filipino Priests. So,
41:09.7
that led to even more
41:11.7
separation in the Philippines. That's
41:13.7
how we ended up with our own
41:15.7
Independent Church, the Philippine, or the
41:17.7
Iglesia Filipina Independiente, which
41:19.7
means the Independent Church of the Philippines,
41:21.7
which basically believed in the same
41:23.7
beliefs of the Catholics. The majority of
41:25.7
their beliefs overlapped. But
41:27.7
one of the main issues is that, the corruption
41:29.7
in the Catholic Church. So, they
41:31.7
separated, and that was led by Father
41:33.7
Gregorio Abilipay, who was also part of
41:35.7
the Philippine Revolution. So, there's a lot of
41:37.7
movement happening. There's a lot of issues
41:39.7
happening. And I guess the film
41:41.7
acknowledges this continued resistance
41:43.7
after the Gumbursas, when they said, like, hopefully
41:45.7
our debt would spark,
41:47.7
you know, a movement. Yeah.
41:49.7
Which, again, led to Jose Rizal,
41:51.7
and then Jose Rizal's work led to
41:53.7
Katipunan. And then Katipunan
41:55.7
led to the Philippine Revolution.
41:57.7
The Philippine Revolution led to the Philippine Independence.
41:59.7
And of course, America swooped in, and took credit,
42:01.7
and took us over, bought us
42:03.7
from Spain, and pretended that they were allies. But
42:05.7
that's a whole other issue, and you
42:07.7
can check out my other video on how the U.S.
42:09.7
stole the Philippines' reaction.
42:13.7
For the sake of time,
42:15.7
any final thoughts about this whole movie
42:17.7
that's coming up? Oh, okay.
42:19.7
So, the actors that I saw earlier...
42:21.7
I think you're talking about Piola Busquad.
42:25.7
from Chef Chico. Yes, yes, that's
42:27.7
Piola Busquad, yeah. Okay.
42:29.7
What's his name in there? Sorry,
42:31.7
side topic. Side topic.
42:33.7
I forgot what his name in this movie is,
42:35.7
but this is not part of it. Oh, okay.
42:37.7
He was one of the earlier priests who were fighting
42:39.7
for the same issues. Is he
42:41.7
mentoring Gumbursa?
42:43.7
Basically, yes. Sorry,
42:47.7
So basically, his role was one of the
42:49.7
earlier priests who were fighting for the same movement,
42:51.7
or the same movement, yeah, for, you know,
42:53.7
characterization movement. And he was basically, yeah,
42:55.7
mentoring the younger. Because he's just everywhere.
42:57.7
Everywhere in history.
42:59.7
What do you mean history? You mean the actor, or the...
43:03.7
Actually, he has two movies
43:05.7
at this field festival. He's also
43:07.7
playing another priest.
43:09.7
So there's another movie where
43:11.7
he's the lead role. In this movie, he's not
43:13.7
the lead. He's playing a supporting character
43:15.7
of one of the earlier priests. But there's
43:17.7
another movie in the same festival where he's
43:19.7
playing the main role, which is Father
43:21.7
Severino Magliari, who is a kapapaan
43:23.7
priest, who was the first recorded
43:25.7
serial killer in the Philippines.
43:27.7
That happened in Magalang.
43:29.7
He's playing the serial killer? Yes.
43:31.7
Yes. The priest who became a
43:33.7
serial killer, who killed like over
43:35.7
57 people in Magalang, Papanga
43:37.7
in the 1850s, so decades
43:39.7
before the Gumbursa. Well, that's another story.
43:41.7
Gosh, he really is everywhere.
43:43.7
He's a great actor, that's why. So that priest
43:45.7
in the 1850s was, he was struggling
43:47.7
with mental health. But instead of taking
43:49.7
care of his mental health, they ignored it.
43:51.7
And he ended up killing people.
43:53.7
If I remember it correctly,
43:55.7
in his head, he was having this vision
43:57.7
that his mom was being bewitched.
43:59.7
To save her mom's soul, which is the job
44:01.7
of the priest in general, is to save the people's
44:03.7
soul. So to save his mom's soul
44:05.7
from being bewitched and being taken over by
44:07.7
the devil, in his head, he had to kill these people.
44:09.7
So he kept killing and killing and killing.
44:11.7
Killed 57 people until he was arrested
44:13.7
and executed. But this movie,
44:15.7
yeah, it's about that. But it's more of a
44:17.7
modern-ish horror film that
44:19.7
links to that murderous priest.
44:21.7
But yeah, that's the same actor that you've
44:23.7
seen in this movie. Yes, that was the only
44:25.7
question that I had.
44:27.7
Because we've seen him in other movies too.
44:29.7
And recently we watched
44:31.7
Replacing Chef Chico. But yeah, so
44:33.7
the Metro Manila Film Festival is
44:35.7
always a good way to, well, want to end the year
44:37.7
in the Philippines to celebrate the holidays but also celebrate
44:39.7
How long do they play it for?
44:41.7
Like these movies? I think it's a whole week
44:43.7
or two weeks. I think just for the first two weeks.
44:45.7
I'm like excited but I can't even watch it.
44:47.7
Yes, so, well that's my
44:51.7
for all of you is to watch these movies.
44:53.7
You know, all these ten movies if you can.
44:55.7
And if you can only choose one, choose Gomburza.
44:57.7
Or if you can only choose three, the top three
44:59.7
on the poll that I did was
45:01.7
Gomburza, Malyari, and Penduko.
45:03.7
So, if you can, please
45:05.7
watch Firefly, watch all these movies,
45:07.7
all these ten movies in the Metro Manila
45:09.7
Film Festival to help our movie
45:13.7
Yes, it's always a good way to
45:15.7
end the year. It's always a good way for families
45:17.7
to gather and watch movies. I remember
45:19.7
as a kid watching different Filipino movies
45:21.7
like Jose Rizal movie came out during the
45:23.7
festival back in the 90s. I remember watching
45:25.7
that with my family. But yeah,
45:27.7
my point is, hopefully movies like this,
45:29.7
hopefully we get more historical movies like this.
45:31.7
Because sadly, we don't actually get it as much.
45:33.7
We rarely get historical films in the Philippines.
45:35.7
Like one of the last big ones
45:37.7
was the general one, Henera Luna.
45:39.7
And after that, Henera Goyo.
45:41.7
So, hopefully we get more movies like this.
45:43.7
Because the more we learn about
45:45.7
our history, the better citizens we are
45:47.7
of our country, wherever we are.
45:49.7
Better citizens of the world.
45:51.7
Because we do learn from the struggles of our
45:53.7
people, those who came before us.
45:55.7
Because it connects us to our past.
45:57.7
And again, connect it back to the present.
45:59.7
It's like what you said, the issues they're fighting for
46:01.7
in the 1800s are almost the same issues
46:03.7
we're fighting for today. Just in different forms.
46:05.7
If you think about it,
46:07.7
vilifying the Gongbursa for example,
46:09.7
basically calling them terrorists
46:11.7
of their day and accusing them of these
46:13.7
violent things and executing them
46:15.7
is similar to how today,
46:17.7
today's activists were being accused of being
46:19.7
terrorists. Red tagging.
46:21.7
And even in Palestine, the whole city
46:23.7
of Gaza is being accused of being
46:25.7
terrorists or terrorist sympathizers.
46:27.7
That's the justification for Israel to bomb them.
46:33.7
basically ethnic cleansing, basically
46:35.7
genocide that Israel is doing
46:37.7
in Gaza. So hopefully movies
46:39.7
like this would inspire the younger Filipinos
46:41.7
to be critical. To be critical.
46:43.7
You don't have to follow what I say
46:45.7
for example. You don't have that critical
46:47.7
lens to question things around you
46:49.7
and make your own conclusions.
46:51.7
And I just want to quote
46:53.7
one of the Gongbursa priests himself.
46:55.7
Father Gongbursa.
46:57.7
One of them. Father Jose Burgos
47:01.7
there was a quote from him, not verbatim,
47:03.7
but he's encouraging the younger generation to
47:05.7
get educated, learn from your elders,
47:07.7
learn from what they know, go to the
47:09.7
museums, and you know, see
47:11.7
what our people were back then.
47:13.7
Long story short, his quote was saying
47:15.7
I'll flash the quote on the screen but
47:17.7
be a Filipino but always an educated
47:21.7
That's a quote from him.
47:23.7
For him, he knows that education is
47:25.7
key to change things. Education is key
47:27.7
to fix the problems of our society.
47:29.7
Be proud of your roots.
47:31.7
Get educated. And he's
47:33.7
not just talking about schools.
47:35.7
He's talking about schools. He's talking about going to
47:37.7
museums. And most importantly, he's talking about
47:39.7
learning from our elders.
47:41.7
Learning from those who came before us.
47:43.7
So yeah. So I do hope
47:45.7
that what they said in the movie,
47:47.7
hopefully they're there.
47:49.7
Their sacrifice would spark a movement
47:51.7
and that movement should still go
47:53.7
today, should still be ongoing today
47:55.7
because there's still a lot of injustices, a lot of
47:57.7
oppressions, inequalities in our societies today.
47:59.7
And like what he said,
48:01.7
learn from our elders. Learn from
48:03.7
what they went through. Learn from their struggles
48:05.7
and their triumphs. Yeah. I guess
48:07.7
a note is that we also
48:09.7
have to get out of this idea or
48:11.7
this mindset too sometimes that
48:15.7
or our parents don't know anything.
48:17.7
And looking to our
48:19.7
elders for wisdom,
48:21.7
for knowledge, I think
48:23.7
is really underrated.
48:27.7
Because again, I think in a world where
48:29.7
the world is changing so
48:31.7
fast, it might seem
48:33.7
harder to sort of think that your parents or
48:35.7
the elders may know things, but they do
48:37.7
know things. And the importance
48:39.7
of that is to actually
48:41.7
keep the wisdom and the knowledge that your
48:43.7
elders have to share because
48:45.7
who else is going to share that wisdom
48:47.7
with you, right? If you don't ask.
48:49.7
So. And just to add
48:51.7
to that, especially for those who
48:53.7
are colonized, especially for those
48:55.7
of us in the diaspora, there's
48:57.7
this mindset that, oh, our
48:59.7
parents or elders are not as westernized as us.
49:01.7
They don't go to the same western school as us.
49:03.7
Especially if you're in the diaspora.
49:05.7
So you might think that they don't know anything.
49:07.7
They may not know the technology, but their
49:09.7
wisdom actually applies. The wisdom from
49:11.7
the 1800s still applies. The wisdom
49:13.7
from 500 to 1000 years ago still applies.
49:15.7
So, just wanted to provide that extra
49:17.7
layer of perspective. I mean, if you think
49:19.7
about my parents, I mean, sorry,
49:21.7
this is a side topic. Well, just the background.
49:23.7
Yeah, background. My parents never
49:25.7
had...are refugees. Okay, so
49:27.7
my parents are refugees.
49:29.7
But, like, they never had an opportunity
49:31.7
for formal schooling. So, in a
49:33.7
colonial mindset, it really
49:35.7
could be that, like, look, well, I
49:37.7
could've just been like, well, you've had
49:39.7
no formal education. You're,
49:41.7
you know, what is it? Like, you're...
49:43.7
You don't know English. Yeah, you don't know English.
49:45.7
You don't know anything, basically.
49:47.7
But, just talking to them.
49:49.7
And just learning from them. Like, they
49:51.7
actually have so much, like, wisdom
49:53.7
that is not taught
49:55.7
in the schools. Your father fought
49:57.7
the war for your people.
49:59.7
Yes, yes. You know? He survived
50:01.7
one of the worst wars
50:03.7
in history. That's right.
50:05.7
Laos, where your family is from, was the most
50:07.7
bombed country in history. Right.
50:09.7
Right. I'm just, I mean, I'm just happy
50:11.7
that I didn't get stuck into
50:13.7
that mentality as well of, like,
50:15.7
you haven't gone to school, you
50:17.7
don't know anything, but really
50:19.7
appreciating the wisdom that
50:21.7
you know, my elders, my parents have
50:23.7
to share is a really cool
50:25.7
and awesome thing that I really
50:27.7
encourage, especially the younger folks
50:29.7
to do. Ask their parents
50:33.7
insights, for anything, you know?
50:35.7
Sometimes they might not even see it as
50:37.7
an important thing to share, but
50:39.7
if you actually ask them what their experiences were,
50:41.7
you learn something. Right, right. Yeah.
50:43.7
And I guess this, you know,
50:45.7
this is not necessarily the issue that the group
50:47.7
was fighting for, but one of the things
50:49.7
I want to mention, too, is that learn your mother
50:51.7
tongue. Ooh, yeah.
50:53.7
Because we've been so westernized in the Philippines
50:55.7
that we think that if you know,
50:57.7
if you can speak English fluently,
50:59.7
you're smart. Yeah.
51:01.7
And add to that, if you can speak Spanish,
51:03.7
even better, you're bougie.
51:05.7
Another, because of colonial
51:07.7
because of colonial miseducation,
51:09.7
because of the colonial caste system,
51:11.7
we were, for centuries, we were trained
51:13.7
to think that if you speak a European
51:15.7
language, you're superior than those
51:17.7
who speak the native languages. Right.
51:19.7
But if you think about it, if you know your mother
51:21.7
tongue, there's a treasure trove
51:23.7
of unlimited knowledge
51:25.7
and wisdom from our ancestors. Yeah.
51:27.7
Especially in the Philippines, where our ancestors have been
51:29.7
living for thousands of years. Mm-hmm.
51:31.7
The Kapampangans, for example, my
51:33.7
Kapampangan ancestors have been living in what is now
51:35.7
Pampanga for 5,000 years.
51:37.7
Mm-hmm. The Tagalogs have been
51:39.7
in San Luzon for 2,000 years. Right.
51:41.7
So those thousands and centuries of
51:43.7
years of knowledge, of wisdom, have been
51:45.7
passed down to us. Yeah, yeah. Right?
51:47.7
Mm-hmm. So if you lose those, because for example,
51:49.7
there's words that we don't use anymore. Yeah.
51:51.7
There's words like, my favorite
51:53.7
Kapampangan word, luwalu. Mm-hmm.
51:55.7
It means to fight for those who cannot fight for themselves.
51:57.7
Yeah, yeah. It means to stand up for justice.
51:59.7
Yeah. For freedom. It means, you know, to fight
52:01.7
for what is right, especially for those who have been
52:03.7
neglected by society. Yeah. They had
52:05.7
that word before colonialism, before
52:07.7
liberalism, before Jose Rizal was
52:09.7
hundreds, thousands of years before
52:11.7
Jose Rizal was even born, we had that word. And there's a lot
52:13.7
of these words that we're losing because
52:15.7
we don't use them. Mm. So for me, I
52:17.7
encourage a lot of Filipinos, not just
52:19.7
in the diaspora, but also in the Philippines. Yeah.
52:21.7
There's a lot of people who are now no longer
52:23.7
speaking Binisaya, who are now no longer
52:25.7
speaking Kapampangan, because they're learning Tagalog,
52:27.7
which is taught in schools. Mm-hmm. You know?
52:29.7
And then English. I'm not saying that you
52:31.7
shouldn't learn English or Spanish. Why? I speak Spanish
52:33.7
fluently, thanks to my grandpa,
52:35.7
who was a Spanish professor, who himself is
52:37.7
part Spanish. But, you know, there's
52:39.7
nothing wrong with speaking more than one language.
52:41.7
Yeah. It actually makes you smarter.
52:43.7
It teaches you things.
52:45.7
Because the way... Yeah, yeah.
52:47.7
The thing is, if you don't know languages,
52:49.7
Uh-huh. Each language has its own
52:51.7
mindset of how they see things. So the more
52:53.7
perspective you get, the more languages you get,
52:55.7
the more perspective you get in life. Mm-hmm.
52:57.7
The way a Spaniard thinks is different from the way
52:59.7
English speakers think. Yeah. It's different
53:01.7
from the way Tagalog speakers think. Kapampangan
53:03.7
and Tagalog, they also think
53:05.7
differently. Mm-hmm. So each language
53:07.7
has a unique perspective. Right. So the
53:09.7
more languages you learn,
53:11.7
Yeah. the more perspective you have,
53:13.7
the more educated you are, the more
53:15.7
the better person you are. Yeah. Because
53:17.7
well, as long as you don't use it to hurt people.
53:19.7
But yeah, you know, deeper understanding you
53:21.7
get in the world around us. Yeah.
53:23.7
Of the world around us, of the issues around us.
53:25.7
Right. Yeah. So please. So I guess it kind of
53:27.7
goes back to that theme or
53:29.7
that concept that we were talking about earlier.
53:31.7
You live life to, not just
53:33.7
for yourself. Yes. But for others
53:35.7
too. Yes. Yeah. And that's really the beauty
53:37.7
of like living your life. Yeah. What does it mean
53:39.7
to be a human being. Yeah.
53:41.7
On earth, you know. Yes.
53:43.7
What is life if you
53:45.7
are just for yourself. You're not doing
53:47.7
anything else for others. Yeah. Or
53:49.7
learning about others. Yeah. Yeah.
53:51.7
Which I think is, you know, to be honest,
53:53.7
our society today has been so
53:55.7
westernized and Americanized that we
53:57.7
think individually. Yeah. Yeah.
53:59.7
A lot of the things we learned today are
54:01.7
very individualistic. So going
54:03.7
back to the song and the concept of the
54:05.7
kaburza, you know, what they fought for
54:07.7
and what our elders taught us, we should
54:09.7
care for one another.
54:11.7
You know, we may not be struggling the same
54:13.7
way as our neighbors. Yeah. As our
54:15.7
friends. You know, our strangers.
54:17.7
But it doesn't mean that we can't do anything to help
54:19.7
them. Right. There are ways where we can
54:21.7
uplift them. Where we can empower them.
54:23.7
Using our own. Our own privileges.
54:25.7
Yes. Because a lot of us have privileges. I have privileges.
54:27.7
You know. Right. The key is that
54:29.7
use those privileges to help uplift the others. Right.
54:31.7
Not tell them what to do.
54:33.7
But, you know, empower them to
54:35.7
fight for themselves. Yeah. You know.
54:37.7
Because there's also that danger of like,
54:39.7
I know better. Yeah. I speak a hundred languages.
54:41.7
I have all these privileges. Yes.
54:43.7
I have all these. This knowledge. Yeah.
54:45.7
That I know what's better for you. No. Right.
54:47.7
No. Right. They know what's best for them.
54:49.7
Yeah. What you can do is help them realize that.
54:51.7
And use your privilege to help them.
54:53.7
And that's really a lot
54:55.7
of things that we talked about.
54:57.7
And we can go on and on and on. If you've known us,
54:59.7
we can keep going but for the sake
55:01.7
of time and for the sake of me saving
55:03.7
time to edit this before we
55:05.7
go off for the holidays. Let us know
55:07.7
what you think about today's video. Let us know what you think about
55:09.7
this trailer in the comments below.
55:11.7
Let us know which movies you're gonna watch for the
55:13.7
festival. So before we go, I just wanna
55:15.7
greet all my patrons, subscribers, and
55:17.7
viewers like you. Merry Christmas
55:19.7
if you celebrate Christmas. Happy holidays if you
55:23.7
spending time with your loved ones.
55:25.7
In Tagalog, Maligayang Pasko po sa inyo lahat.
55:27.7
In Kabampangan, I'll do the shorter version.
55:29.7
Masayang Pasko kayo kong nga. But there's a
55:31.7
literally Paskong Dispong.
55:33.7
I'm blanking out.
55:35.7
This also happens sometimes when you're
55:37.7
speaking more than one language. More than two languages.
55:39.7
Sometimes they get mixed up.
55:43.7
You're in the beauty pageant right now.
55:45.7
What would you like to say to your viewers?
55:47.7
Okay. In Kabampangan, I just wanna
55:49.7
the longer version, the more
55:51.7
formal version would be Paskong Mayap
55:53.7
and Dispukihong. And you know,
55:55.7
hopefully this holiday season would
55:57.7
spread some sparkling joy.
55:59.7
Sprinkle a little joy. Sprinkle joy
56:01.7
to our lives despite all the struggles.
56:03.7
Yes. I just wanna wish
56:05.7
everyone a Happy New Year.
56:07.7
And the phrase, I think we shared it
56:09.7
last time in the Alamat video.
56:11.7
Oh yes, we did. Yes.
56:15.7
a Happy New Year phrase in
56:17.7
Hmong. It's Nyojong
56:19.7
Hyongchia. Nyojong Hyongchia.
56:21.7
Yeah, it's literally welcoming
56:23.7
the New Year. Like,
56:25.7
Hello. Yeah, Hello
56:27.7
New Year. Yes. And that's a little
56:29.7
translation for it.
56:31.7
But really wishing everybody
56:35.7
a prosperous life and
56:37.7
really, really healthy
56:39.7
life as well for the upcoming year.
56:41.7
Yes. By the time you see this, it's gonna be
56:43.7
a few days before New Year. So I guess I'll greet them
56:45.7
in Happy New Year in Filipino too.
56:47.7
Masap na lang bayang manawa kay Hongan
56:49.7
kabampangan, which means prosperous
56:51.7
New Year to all, to you all.
56:53.7
And manigaw bagong taon in Tagalog, which
56:55.7
also means the same thing. Have a prosperous New Year.
56:57.7
And dakala salamat. Dakal pong salamat.
56:59.7
Maraming salamat po. Hopefully this
57:01.7
New Year brings you not just joy but again peace.
57:03.7
Yeah. Not just in your homes but
57:05.7
in our communities. You know, peace in places like
57:07.7
Gaza. Peace in Mindanao.
57:09.7
Yes. There's a lot going on
57:11.7
and hopefully movies like this will inspire
57:13.7
us to do better as humans.
57:15.7
And I'm gonna end it right here because I can
57:17.7
see the camera is overheating. It's about
57:21.7
So anyways, thank you.
57:23.7
See you next time. We're in Tagalog.
57:25.7
Kita-kiss. Ano ka bang pangan?
57:29.7
Shinji do. Which means
