Bakit nga ba nakapiring ang hustisya? by: Atty. RAYMOND BATU
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00:00.0
Good morning po. Welcome back po sa ating lecture room.
00:04.0
At patapos na po ang 2023.
00:06.9
At sa pagtatapos ng 2023, meron po tayo bagong logo.
00:12.4
Okay? Yan po ang bagong logo ng The Lecture Room of Atty. Raymond Batu.
00:16.9
Ngayong gabi ito, magkukwento lang po tayo.
00:20.8
Itong pag-usapan natin at ikwento natin, itong si Lady Justice.
00:26.1
Sino po ba ito siya?
00:27.1
Maraming na po tayong situations na nakikita natin may babaeng may hawak na timbangan, nakapiring.
00:33.5
And may hawak na espada.
00:35.9
Pangalan po niya si Lady Justice.
00:38.3
Siya po ang babaeng hustisya.
00:41.7
Okay? So, ano po ito siya? Sino po ito siya?
00:44.9
Ano po ang nare-represent nitong Lady Justice na ito?
00:49.1
Okay. Basahin po natin.
00:51.5
Si Lady Justice po is a symbol.
00:54.9
Nang isang unbiased justice and the judicial system.
01:00.6
She is often portrayed as a woman holding a sword, scales, and wearing a blindfold.
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Her image suggests a sense of impartiality, fairness, and the pursuit of justice.
01:14.1
Ibig sabihin po, simbolos po siya ng unbiased justice.
01:17.7
Yung wala pong pinapanigan na hustisya.
01:20.9
And nilalarawan ito ng isang magandang babae.
01:24.9
At may hawak po siyang espada at yung timbangan at nakapiring po ang kanyang mata.
01:34.0
Yung kanyang imahe is nagsasuggest na ito po ay siya ay walang kinikilingan at pagkamatarungan at pagtuloy na pagtugis ng hustisya.
01:49.7
Yan po yung in the pursuit of justice.
01:52.0
Patuloy na pagtugis ng hustisya.
01:54.1
Para po nabigyan ng hustisya ang lahat ng humihingi nito.
01:59.9
Actually, matagal na ito si Rayleigh Justice.
02:01.8
So, panahon pa ng Greek mythology, meron na po yung goddess na si Themis.
02:07.9
Ang sabi nila dito, si Themis daw is a Greek Titan goddess of divine law, custom, and oracular prophecy.
02:16.2
So, Greek Titan goddess.
02:19.1
Diyosa po siya ng divine law.
02:21.2
Pati customs and traditions at oracular prophecy.
02:24.9
And in fact, hango rin po ito si Rayleigh Justice from yung sa Egyptian mythology na tinatawag nating Maat.
02:34.0
Ang pangalan niya is Maat.
02:35.5
Si Maat po is that an Egyptian goddess and the personification of truth, cosmic balance, and justice.
02:44.1
So, diyosa rin po siya na nagpapakita ng kanyang totohanan, yung balanse, at saka hustisya.
02:51.6
At in fact, yung ostrich feather niya dito.
02:54.1
So, is nagre-represent po ng truth.
02:57.3
Ibig sabihin po yan, that is the truth.
03:00.6
Now, si Lady of Justice, after that, nag-evolve, and ito nga, Lady of Justice.
03:06.4
And nakaupo po siya sa korte.
03:09.3
Ang tawag po ng kanyang trono is yung court, di ba?
03:13.3
Supreme Court dito po sa ating Pilipinas, sa Pilipinas, at sa ilalim po ng Pilipinas, may kaya Court of Appeals, Regional Trial Court,
03:21.0
and the lowest among them all is the Municipal Trial Court.
03:24.1
Ito po yung mga working courts, no?
03:29.0
Trial Courts, MTCC, and yung Regional Trial Court, ano rin po yan siya, Trial Court, and at the same time, Appellate Court, at saka Court of Appeals, no?
03:39.4
And then after that, the Supreme Court.
03:42.0
Now, if you will notice that magandang babae si Lady Justice, no?
03:47.5
Pakit sexy, magandang babae siya?
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Kasi po, ang konsep po ng pag-
03:54.1
file po ng kaso is,
03:56.0
kailangan parang may manliligaw, ba?
03:59.7
ang isang magandang babae.
04:02.5
At ang tawag po niyan,
04:04.0
kaya nga, mag-file kayo ng kaso, is suit, no?
04:10.2
na ang tawag pag,
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yung nga, suit, no? Ibig sabihin nito,
04:14.6
suitor, ba? O, manliligaw, no?
04:16.8
At kaya nga, yung kanyang inupuan
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is yung court, is dig sabihin,
04:21.4
pag-pag-pagligaw,
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ito represents love, no?
04:26.2
Parang ganyan ang konsep niya, no?
04:28.5
So, the person filing
04:30.4
or going after her
04:32.6
or asking something from her
04:34.1
is actually a suitor.
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Naliligaw po siya.
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Please, Lady Justice, hear my side, okay?
04:44.0
actually called a lawsuit, okay?
04:46.6
Kasi batas ang hinihingi natin,
04:48.2
hindi naman yung pag-ibig talaga, no?
04:50.1
In the concept of Lady of Justice,
04:51.7
ang hinihingi natin is yung
04:54.0
katarungan. At ina-apply
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natin ang batas. Hinihingi namin itong
04:57.8
bagay na ito at please
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in accordance with the law.
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In accordance po sa batas.
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It is the term, yung lawsuit, no?
05:05.9
For filing a complaint or petition,
05:08.7
mag-ask po tayo ng
05:09.7
legal redress by judicial action.
05:13.6
And it is called lawsuit nga.
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to refer to a legal action,
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meron ito siya mga various sentences
05:21.7
in Middle English, no? Referring to
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the acts following or pursuing
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yung inahabol, literally
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and figuratively, no?
05:30.2
In the 16th century,
05:32.3
the word came to designate
05:33.6
a lover's persistent
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effort to win one's
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heart, okay? Imagine, ah,
05:39.8
a lover's persistent effort to win
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one's heart. Nangliligaw nga.
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And desire as a suitor.
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And understandably, something,
05:48.0
sometimes being a suitor
05:49.3
involves some following.
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Sirusundan niya. Ayan, yan po yung
05:53.6
yung sa 16th century, itong suit.
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But now, it is actually lawsuit.
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Kasi ang target natin is to seek
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justice. Hingi po tayo in accordance
06:01.7
with the law. Justicia.
06:05.5
well, if you'll notice,
06:07.7
you have to argue. Kita mo
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dito sa ating picture, there are two
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opponents. The other one
06:13.7
is saying, asking.
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si Lady of Justice. The other one naman, the other side,
06:20.0
probably the defendant,
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sinusuyo niya si Lady of Justice. No, it's a
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ako pong pakinggan ninyo. Yung kabila, no,
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akong pakinggan mo yung plain tip
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in civil cases. So, ganyan po
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ang situation. And
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pinapakinggan po niya yan. Now,
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ang tanong ngayon
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Ang blindfold kasi yung
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pagpiring niya, it represents
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our justice system.
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blind tayo or nakapiring
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ng isang tao, o sa kanyang
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power, makapangyarihan
07:01.8
o hindi, o gender
07:03.5
and race niya, hindi niya nakikita.
07:05.6
Kaya, blindfolded siya eh.
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So, anybody who comes
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seek the Lady of Justice
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is, hindi niya makikita kung mayaman
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ka, pogi ka, artista
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kay Neville. Wala yan.
07:19.8
Pantay-pantay kay lahat kasi
07:21.3
hindi ko kayo nakikita. When you
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come to me, yan ang representation,
07:25.8
yan ang meaning ni
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Lady of Justice kung bakit siya
07:29.2
nakapiring. Okay? Para hindi
07:31.4
niya makita. Para hindi siya ma-influensahan.
07:36.8
pagkapiring niya. Eh ngayon,
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ang tanong, eh itong timbangan.
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Ano naman itong timbangan na ito?
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Skills of justice, no?
07:47.3
yan po yung magpapresent
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po ng evidence, no? So,
07:51.1
both parties, if may plaintiff or defendant,
07:53.6
complainant, dependent, is that
07:55.2
they will be presenting evidences. Kanya-kanya, no?
07:58.1
Now, iba-iba po ang
07:59.1
evidences natin when it comes to
08:03.7
sa criminal case,
08:05.2
proof beyond reasonable doubt, unburden of proof.
08:08.1
Now, sa civil cases
08:09.3
is preponderance of evidence,
08:12.6
substantive proceedings, substantive
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evidence of clear and convincing evidence.
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Mga ganun ba? So, ito pong
08:19.1
mga ebidensya, depende po kanong pinahin
08:21.3
na kaso, eh, both parties
08:23.2
will be presenting evidences. Of course,
08:25.5
the evidences na titimbangin niya,
08:27.1
titingnan niya kung admissible ba ang ebidensya o hindi.
08:30.1
Yung ebidensya ba niya
08:33.1
doon sa hinihingi? Kasi may ibang
08:34.7
ebidensya pinapasa, hindi naman relevant, no?
08:37.3
So, ibig sabihin, titimbangin niya yan. Hindi ibig sabihin
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marami ka ebidensya, eh,
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tatanggapin na ni Lady Justice, hindi po.
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I-assess po niya yan.
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Admissible ba yan? Or kung
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sakto ba yan? Or kung
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hindi ba yan siya
08:51.1
parang irrelevant?
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Or hearsay? Or baka
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sabi-sabi lang? Walang katotohanan.
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Meron kaya nga, meron tayo, rules of court.
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May mga rules, paano
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mag-present ng evidence,
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yung rules of evidence natin.
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Okay? So, yung evidence po na yan,
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na niya yung mga relevant evidence
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at admissible evidence, eh,
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titimbangin po niya yan
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kung sino po ang magwawagi.
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Okay? So, to the suitor,
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yung manliligaw, or yung
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nag-file ng case, who win,
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by reason of the evidence
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as presented, yung kung
09:26.9
substantial or clear
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when convincing evidence, or
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preponderance of evidence, or proof beyond reasonable doubt
09:33.4
in criminal cases, he will get
09:35.3
the relief that he is asking.
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Depende po, no? Kung the prosecutor
09:39.2
would demand that
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the person be imprisoned
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dahil may ginawa siyang
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krimen or kasalanan, edi, mabibigay
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sa kanya ni Lady Justice dahil natimbang
09:49.0
ang ebidensya. Kung aakusado
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naman na wala naman talagang basehan na pag-file
09:53.1
sa kanya, at nanalo siya sa pag-presenta
09:55.1
ng ebidensya na inusente siya,
09:57.0
eh, sa kanya, bilang
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suitor, bilang nag-represent
10:00.8
as an accused defendant, eh,
10:03.4
maakuit siya sa kaso.
10:04.9
Ganon din po sa plaintiff and defendant
10:06.9
yung mga civil cases, recovery of possession,
10:09.5
mag-collection of sum of money,
10:11.3
yung mga hindi nakabayad ng utang,
10:12.9
ejectment, pagpapaalis, lahat ng
10:14.8
klaseng kaso, ang dami-dami, no?
10:16.6
So, depende po sa ebidensya na ipresenta
10:18.8
at yung admissibility
10:20.7
at relevance nito. Okay?
10:23.1
So, yan po ang dahilan kaya
10:24.9
meron pong timbangan si
10:26.9
Lady of Justice. Yan ang itatawag nating
10:28.9
Scales of Justice.
10:31.3
Now, paano naman yung
10:35.1
this is now where
10:36.9
the sword, no? Yung hawak-hawak po
10:38.9
niya na ispada, ah, nag-represent.
10:41.8
Ang representation
10:43.1
po nito, ito yung punishment, no?
10:45.3
So, for example, kung
10:46.7
ah, masentensahan
10:53.1
kasala ka talaga in a criminal case,
10:55.2
eh, kukulong ka talaga ni Lady Justice.
10:57.5
Yung sword, yun yung
10:58.4
representation ng punishment.
11:00.9
But remember, ha, mapansin nyo,
11:02.9
ang sword is always lower
11:04.9
than the scales. Hindi po siya
11:06.9
yung timbangan, ha, kagano? Hindi po.
11:09.0
Nasa baba po siya.
11:10.7
Baba siya. Bakit? Kasi,
11:13.0
ang punishment po
11:14.2
comes only, or it will
11:16.9
only happen after the
11:18.9
ebidensya is natimbang.
11:20.6
After the evidence,
11:23.1
evidence is weighed, no?
11:24.7
So, natimbang muna bago po
11:26.5
papasok si sword. Kaya nasa baba siya.
11:30.8
ah, marami, no? Criminal cases, pwede
11:32.7
ka makulong, fine, and everything.
11:34.7
Meron din tayo kung hindi ka masunod sa
11:36.3
rules of court natin, ah,
11:38.8
igas ang ulong mo, okay? Eh, pwede
11:40.8
tayong makontempt niya, no?
11:42.4
And when we say contempt, ah, pwede tayong
11:44.5
mamulta at pwede tayong makulong
11:46.6
ng ni Lady Justice, no?
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By the court, no? And
11:50.7
marami, ah, meron pa.
11:55.0
the sentencing, the punishment may be
11:56.9
in form of paying
11:58.7
punitive damages or moral damages.
12:01.6
Mabayarin ka dahil nagkasala
12:03.1
ka, nagkamali ka. Whether criminal
12:05.1
or civil case, no? Or pwede
12:06.9
ipitinbols property, pwede kang paalisin,
12:10.5
i-recover ang posesyon, pwede ibalik
12:13.0
ang posesyon doon sa nawalan ng property.
12:15.4
Mga things like that. Or even
12:16.7
demolish the property that you are
12:18.9
illegally occupying. So, yung mga gano'n, no?
12:21.3
Now, in contracts, pwede ipa-punit.
12:24.6
or ipa-void ang mga contracts, no?
12:27.2
Dahil nga sa hindi
12:30.9
illegal ito, yun po
12:34.6
ng ano po ng Lady Justice natin.
12:37.1
Ang dami pong cases, no? Just
12:38.7
think about it and imagine about it.
12:41.1
So, yun po ang representation yung
12:42.9
spada, yung sword.
12:45.2
Na yun po ang pagsentensya niya.
12:47.7
Eh, at ornate, magsisentensya
12:50.8
sa anong pong basihan naman niya?
12:53.1
Aside sa evidence niya? Well,
12:55.0
meron po siyang babasihan. At ito po
12:57.1
ay makikita doon sa kanyang
13:00.9
Magkita niyo yung paanan, nakatapak siya sa libro.
13:05.0
na yan, is yan po yung
13:06.9
batas. These are the
13:09.2
laws in the Philippines, no?
13:10.9
I'm talking about the Philippines. Taabi tayo,
13:12.9
revised penal code, the civil code.
13:15.0
Sa civil code po lang, law on property,
13:17.2
succession, family relations,
13:19.7
meron tayong family code, etc.
13:21.2
Commercial law, negotiable instruments.
13:23.1
Ang dami pong mga batas na yan.
13:26.8
libro na natatapakan niya po,
13:29.0
is, ang ibig sabihin, that is the
13:30.9
compilation of all laws in the
13:32.9
Philippines, which must
13:34.3
conform to the supreme law
13:36.8
of the land. Ano po ba yung supreme law of the land?
13:38.7
Yung pinakamataas na batas
13:40.3
sa buong Pilipinas.
13:44.4
constitution. Dapat lahat po ng batas
13:46.7
na ginawa ng legislature natin,
13:48.9
mga congress natin, is dapat mag-conform
13:51.0
sa constitution. Because,
13:52.9
a constitution is
13:54.7
created by the people.
13:57.4
Okay? Yan po ang ating
13:58.7
supreme law of the land. Alright?
14:01.4
So, yun po ang basihan
14:02.6
ni Lady of Justice sa pagpataw
14:04.5
ng sentensya. Sa pagsabi na
14:07.1
hindi yan makatarungan ang
14:08.8
ginawa mo. At nananalo itong
14:11.0
si plaintiff, or nanalo itong si prosecutor,
14:13.5
or nanalo si dependent,
14:14.9
or na-acquit itong si accused.
14:17.1
Ganun po ang ibig sabihin
14:18.8
nitong libro na kanyang natatapakan.
14:21.2
Now, before sa libro, pero,
14:22.9
natatapakan dyan na ahas.
14:25.3
Nakikita ba dyan ito yung ahas?
14:26.7
Circle natin. Red circle. Yan, ahas.
14:29.4
Bakit may ahas dyan? Well,
14:31.4
ang snake kasi, yung ahas,
14:33.6
it represents evil.
14:35.4
Ibig sabihin lang po, no,
14:36.9
that evil cannot win over good.
14:41.8
hindi mananalo sa tama.
14:44.2
Kaya may kasabihan tayo na
14:45.7
the truth will set you free.
14:47.9
Because what is the truth is the good.
14:50.0
That is the truth, no?
14:51.4
So, kahit anong tago,
14:53.0
yung makasalanang gawa mo,
14:56.2
the long arm of the law
14:57.4
will definitely catch you.
14:59.7
Ibig sabihin, hindi pwede
15:00.8
because the law is there.
15:03.4
And the lady of justice is there
15:07.3
to weigh all the evidences,
15:08.5
and present her judgment
15:10.5
and whether you'll be punished or not.
15:13.2
So, if you're wicked, evil,
15:16.1
yan po, tatapakan ka niya.
15:19.1
sa ilalim ng libro.
15:22.9
na which represents
15:24.0
the law of the Philippines
15:25.0
which are all in conformity
15:26.9
under the supreme law of the land
15:29.6
which is the constitution.
15:31.9
Okay, yan lang po ang aking kwento.
15:34.4
Gusto ko lang magkwento
15:35.2
kay lady of justice.
15:37.2
And lady justice,
15:38.3
because I would like you
15:39.7
to at least understand
15:41.5
ano yung meaning niya, diba?
15:45.0
lady of justice, yan.
15:47.0
Napakagandang babae
15:48.8
and ang representation ng piring,
15:54.9
ng kanyang libro,
15:56.0
at yung pagtapak niya sa ahas.
15:57.9
I hope you learned a thing or two
15:59.9
dito sa ating kwento today.
16:02.2
Or nice story, ba?
16:04.4
And take note, ha?
16:05.8
Ang bago sa ating logo
16:07.1
that will be our logo for the year
16:14.5
Maraming salamat.
16:16.1
I'll see you again
16:16.9
during our live session.
