00:34.1
for settlement, for mediation, for arbitration
00:37.5
bago po tayo makapunta sa korte.
00:40.4
Kasi pag hindi tayo dumaan dito sa barangay justice system
00:44.3
and for settlement, mediation,
00:47.6
hindi po tayo makapagpile ng kaso sa korte.
00:50.8
At kapag nagpile po kita ng kaso sa korte without passing through that,
00:54.0
pwede pong madismiss ang kaso natin.
00:57.2
Alright, so, but that is the general.
01:00.4
Meron po tayong exceptions.
01:02.6
Ano po yung mga kaso na hindi na kailangan dumaan sa barangay?
01:05.3
Yun pong pag-aaralan natin wherein pwede na po tayong dumaan dito sa korte
01:09.7
at mag-seek ng justice kay Lady Justice.
01:13.7
We have a video on that and I hope you have watched it already.
01:17.3
First step, ano po ba yung pwedeng mga kaso na hindi na kailangan dumaan sa barangay?
01:22.7
Of course, kapag ang gobyerno ang nirereklamo or nagrereklamo,
01:29.1
hindi na kailangan magdumaan sa barangay.
01:31.4
And when we say government, it includes the subdivisions and instrumentality.
01:35.9
Subdivisions, barangay, municipalities, cities, provinces.
01:39.0
Pag sino po ang party sa kaso, hindi na po kailangan dumaan sa barangay.
01:43.0
Instrumentalities po, marami po tayo, no?
01:45.0
Philippine Port Authority, example, Mactan-Sibu, Transco, DPWH-DNR, and Water Districts, no?
01:53.2
Yes, ito po yung usual na mga agencies na napapaylan ng kaso.
01:59.0
O nagkakaroon ng kaso in court, hindi na po tayo kailangan dumaan sa korte.
02:03.6
Example lang po ito, ang dami pong government agencies and instrumentalities, no?
02:07.9
And these are just examples, marami po, no?
02:10.6
And when you are filing a case against them, hindi na po tayo dadaan sa barangay.
02:14.9
And yes po, ang Water Districts, considered po government-owned and controlled corporations.
02:21.1
GR No. 95237, dated September 30, 1991, and Bank Supreme Court decision says
02:27.5
they are part of the government.
02:29.0
And they shall be subject to the COA and other government regulations.
02:34.9
Yun po yung case, no?
02:37.5
Now, ano po ang number two?
02:39.2
Of course, kung ang opisyal or empleyado ng goberno ang nirereklamo.
02:43.8
But take note, okay pong magdiretsyo na po tayo sa korte or sa administrative agencies
02:49.5
or quasi-judicial agencies kapag in the performance of their functions, po, no?
02:55.7
Hindi po yung personal case, no?
02:58.3
For example, you have...
02:58.8
You have a case against the police, a collection suit, dahil may utang sa'yo, di nakabayad,
03:03.2
eh di, pwede po ninyo idaan sa barangay.
03:05.4
Kasi dapat pagdaan sa barangay.
03:07.7
Hindi naman yun in relation sa kanyang function.
03:11.0
Now, yung mga in relation to the function, marami po tayong mga quasi-judicial agencies, no?
03:15.9
Civil service, commission, ombudsman, sa polis, yung IAS, no?
03:21.7
Internal Affairs Section nila.
03:23.4
So, marami po, no?
03:24.2
So, with this, you could go directly to this...
03:28.8
administrative agencies for purposes of suing them
03:33.1
because ang kanilang pagkakamali is in relation to their duties or functions.
03:40.5
Take note of that.
03:41.7
And number three, kapag korporasyon po ang nireklamo, talaga nakasaad po ito sa batas, no?
03:47.5
Republic Act 7160 na excluded po sa barangay justice system ang mga korporasyon.
03:53.3
Take note that corporations are artificial beings.
03:55.7
Tao rin po yan, pero artificial.
03:57.7
Hindi po natural katulad.
03:58.8
Although, pinapatakbo sila ng mga board of directors or board of trustees for non-stack or associations.
04:10.1
ito pong kapag ang mga alitan ay may kinalaman sa mga ari-arian, no?
04:15.0
Na nasa magkaibang mga munisipyo or lungsod.
04:20.4
Ito po, tandaan nito, in relation po ito sa property discussions natin, no?
04:23.8
So, kung marami pong properties scattered,
04:26.7
different cities, hindi na po kailangan.
04:28.8
Magdaan sa barangay.
04:31.7
And kapag ang alitan ay may kinalaman dito sa real properties, no?
04:36.0
Sa mga lupa or sa mga lupa't bahay.
04:39.7
So, it's supposed this property is in Tagum, no?
04:42.7
The other one is in Davao City.
04:44.8
Well, these are two different cities po, no?
04:47.9
So, hindi po kailangan na dumaan na po sa barangay kapag gusto magkaso about these mga alitan na ito.
04:54.3
Unless, of course, the parties will agree na ipapasa nila po.
04:58.8
By settlement or mediation.
05:02.0
And number five po.
05:04.0
Supposing may alitan kung saan ang magkabilang panig, no?
05:09.3
Ay naninirahan sa mga barangay o magkaibang mga lungsod o munisipalidad.
05:14.9
Alam niyo po, ito ang usual namin nangyayari, no?
05:17.3
Kapag if one is living in Manila, and the other in Bulacan,
05:20.8
or Davao, Tagum, Cagayan, or let's say Butuan,
05:24.3
iba-iba po siya munisipality ang lungsod dyan.
05:26.7
And they have to file a case against these people.
05:28.8
For example, they do not need to go to the barangay.
05:31.9
Hindi na kailangan dumaan sa barangay po, no?
05:33.9
So, for example, ito siya ay nasa Davao City.
05:36.5
Ito nasa Tagum, well, hindi na po kailangan magdaan.
05:40.7
Pag mayroon siyang alitan na, sa barangay, no?
05:43.0
Because these are two different cities, no?
05:46.4
Of course, ang exception, to the exception, is kapag mag-agree sila na,
05:51.7
okay, i-settle natin ang dispute natin sa barangay,
05:54.6
papakinggan po ng barangay, sila po ang magde-decide nyan.
05:58.8
Alright, and number six, no?
06:01.4
Kapag ito pong mga paglabag na kung saan itinakda ng batas
06:05.8
ang isang maximum na parusa sa pagkakukulong na higit sa isang taon na multa
06:13.2
o multa na higit sa limang libong piso, ito po yung maximum penalties, no?
06:18.8
Ito po yung mga parusa ng pagkukulong na higit sa isang taon.
06:22.1
Ibig sabihin, kung one year and below, adaan ka sa barangay.
06:27.6
Yung mga kaso ng mga krimen, no?
06:30.5
Pero pag more than one year ang penalty niya, you don't need to go to the barangay.
06:35.2
At may may may examples ng mga kaso na one year and below
06:38.6
at may multa na 5,000 pababa na kailangan natin dumaan sa barangay.
06:45.2
These are mga simple misdemeanors, no?
06:47.5
Yung domestic problems sa bahay or sa community, away kapit-bahay, mga usual, no?
06:52.1
Okay, meron tayong slight physical injuries, mga slander by deed,
06:57.1
mga malicious mischief, yung magsira ng mga gamit, unjust fixation, yung maninilip, no?
07:02.9
Yung trespassing, simple theft, at saka yung mga light threats.
07:07.2
Mga ganyang mga bagay, hindi po pwedeng hindi dumaan sa barangay.
07:11.1
Dadaan po tayo sa barangay.
07:12.5
Otherwise, kung magdiretsyo ka ng file,
07:14.4
gawa ka ng affidavit complaint, file mo sa State Prosecutor's Office,
07:17.3
possible po ma-dismiss for non-compliance of this requirement to pass through the barangay.
07:24.5
Okay, at ang ikapito.
07:27.1
Ewan ang mga pagkakasala kung saan walang pribadong nasaktang tao.
07:31.7
Meron po bang crimes na it's a public crime and walang pagkakasala na tao?
07:38.3
Yes po, marami po, no?
07:39.9
No private offended party.
07:43.6
Example, ito pong droga, ito pong prostitution, vagrancy, illegal sabong, illegal gambling,
07:50.8
jaywalking, at saka itong illegal possession of firearms.
07:54.4
Wala namang private offended party dito.
07:58.8
So, ibig sabihin, hindi mo na kailangan dumaan po sa barangay niyan.
08:04.9
Pwede nang ipile ng mga police or mga NBI or ano,
08:11.9
doon sa City Prosecutor's Office for purposes of preliminary investigations.
08:17.6
These offenses are prosecuted by the government on behalf of the society.
08:23.4
the state is the offended party.
08:25.2
Ang offended party, ang goberno.
08:27.3
Bakit ka nagawa ng mga kamalianan ito?
08:29.0
Bakit ka nag-asabi ng batas, bawal ang illegal drugs?
08:32.3
Bakit ka nagbebenta niyan?
08:34.1
So, ang society or ang government itself, ang offended party, sila ang magpapile ng kaso against you
08:40.5
if you committed this kind of crimes.
08:43.8
Don't need to go to the barangay.
08:48.8
Mga alitan o kaso kung saan kinakailangan ang agarang.
08:53.4
Legal na aksyon upang maiwasan ang pagkakaroon ng kawalan ng katarungan.
09:00.8
Mga immediate cases na even if dapat dumaan sa barangay, hindi na kailangan dumaan.
09:06.7
Like, for example,
09:10.8
kapag under custody,
09:12.9
criminal cases where accused is under police custody and gusto mo mag-bail,
09:18.7
gusto mo i-question ang arrest nila,
09:21.9
gusto mo ipakwash ang,
09:23.4
warrant and everything
09:24.9
because they're under detention or custody of the police,
09:27.7
you don't need to go to the barangay.
09:30.8
Mag-sipag-settle ka sa police doon.
09:33.9
You can go directly to the court and seek redress kay Lady Justice by asking the relief that you want.
09:39.6
Pwede ka mag-file ng to-quash the information,
09:42.7
pwede may question ng arrest,
09:44.2
pwede mag-post ng bail.
09:45.5
Technical, derecho na po tayo sa korte niyan.
09:49.0
Another one is kapag yung katulad nung Writ of Habia's Corpus.
09:52.5
Ano ba yung Writ of Habia's Corpus?
09:53.4
Writ of Habia's Corpus, narinig niyo na po yan?
09:55.5
Sikat po yan sa panahon ng Marshalo ni President Marcos,
10:01.0
former president,
10:02.0
wherein sinuspend niya ang Writ of Habia's Corpus during Marshalo.
10:06.1
But, ang Writ of Habia's Corpus is actually is a meaning na you have to produce the body.
10:12.7
For example, may nadetain na ng polis.
10:17.6
Now, hindi nila ma-explain kung bakit nadetain.
10:20.8
Pupuntahan mo yung kamag-anak mo na yun, yung nakulong.
10:23.4
Hindi nila i-explain, hindi nila ipakita sa'yo.
10:25.3
Then, you are worried already, bakit nakadetain?
10:27.7
Ayan, tagal na ng panahon.
10:28.9
You can file in court a petition for Writ of Habia's Corpus
10:32.3
requesting the court to direct the officers to produce the body
10:38.4
and tell the court what is the justification, bakit nyo nadetain ito.
10:42.8
Kasi kung walang justification ang detention,
10:45.0
i-order yan i-release.
10:48.0
Meron tayo 12, 18, 36 hours.
10:51.8
12 hours ang detention.
10:53.4
Yung mga warrantless arrest, nahuli ba?
10:56.3
Nawarang warrant, no?
10:57.8
And they can be detained for 12 hours for light offenses.
11:01.5
And iba naman is 18 hours kapag less grave offenses.
11:05.5
36 hours po yung grave offenses like murder, rape, yan.
11:09.4
Kailangan within that period, maipailan sila ng kaso.
11:12.4
At lumampas ng period, hindi pa rin sila napapailan ng kaso.
11:16.5
At kinukontinue pa rin pag-detain.
11:18.9
I-request mo for release, hindi i-release.
11:20.8
You could ask for a petition.
11:23.4
For writ of habeas in court para ma-parelease yung tao na sobra na sa detention period.
11:31.6
Allowed or under the law.
11:34.0
In fact, pag mag-sobra na sa detention period,
11:37.0
they will be liable for arbitrary detention, yung polis.
11:40.2
Hindi naman kasi pwedeng i-detain mo ng ganyang katagal.
11:43.1
Unless you may mga justifiable circumstances like holiday and everything.
11:47.8
Of course, hindi man sila ma-file ang kaso sa court.
11:49.8
Hindi man pwede i-inquest proceeding para magkandoon.
11:53.4
At hindi naman sila ma-file ang kaso ng preliminary investigation under inquest proceedings.
11:57.4
So, aside from that, mayroon yung mga civil remedies itong writ of habeas court.
12:01.4
Usually, ginagawa ito kapag, let's say, mag-asawa or mayroong relationship, may anak sila.
12:09.4
Yung babae o lalaki na may custody sa bata, ayaw nilang, ayaw nilang ipahiram mong pakita ang bata at tatago-tago niya, iniinisya yung kapila.
12:18.4
Every time na magpunta siya doon, hindi ipakita ang bata, tinitreten siya.
12:22.4
Hindi ko ipahiram.
12:23.4
Hindi ko ipakita itong bata ito.
12:24.4
You could file the offending, the offended spouse may file a petition in court for writ of habeas corpus directing the other spouse to produce the body of the child in court.
12:34.4
And the court will say, oh, anong right mo at hindi mo pinapakita yan sa asawa mo or sa kapartner mo?
12:42.4
Eh, mayroon man siyang visitation rights.
12:44.4
Kahit papaano, kahit visitation rights lang pag-uusapan.
12:48.4
Huwag na lang yung custody mo na.
12:50.4
Visitation rights ng the other party.
12:52.4
I will give them.
12:53.4
Otherwise, I could sanction you for that.
12:56.4
Pagsabihin ng court.
12:57.4
Nagagalit ang court niyan.
12:59.4
Yan po ang kailangan po.
13:00.4
Hindi na po kailangan natin dumaan ng barangay.
13:02.4
Yung bata hindi pa kita siyo tapos magpunta ka pa sa barangay just to patawid sa barangay.
13:08.4
Matatagalan tayo niyan.
13:09.4
Dito na po tayo sa court.
13:11.4
Writ of habeas corpus.
13:12.4
At saka, yung may mga kaso ito po na may mga actions coupled with provisional remedies.
13:18.4
Like for example,
13:19.4
kahit na away nga sa,
13:23.4
Let's say, sinarhan ang kanal.
13:26.4
kailangan is that,
13:28.4
grabe na ang ano,
13:29.4
grabe na ang baha.
13:30.4
Dahil sinalado yung kanal nung isang kapitbahay.
13:36.4
Dadaan ka pa ng barangay.
13:38.4
Grabe na ang flooding doon sa inyo.
13:39.4
Hindi na makalabas yung tubig.
13:43.4
So, you file a case in court.
13:45.4
And ask for preliminary injunction.
13:47.4
Ano ba yung mga injunction?
13:49.4
Mandatory injunction.
13:50.4
Commanding the other party.
13:53.4
Sabihin ng court.
13:54.4
O, buksan mo yan.
13:55.4
Hanggang na gina-hear natin itong controversy.
13:58.4
it's a preliminary injunction
14:01.4
from doing something.
14:02.4
O, huwag mong gawin yan.
14:04.4
Huwag mo i-close ang
14:07.4
O, huwag mo i-close yung area na yan.
14:09.4
Yung gina-threaten mo i-close,
14:10.4
hindi pwede i-close.
14:11.4
Mga things like that.
14:12.4
Marami pong klaseng injunctions.
14:14.4
Mandatory injunctions.
14:15.4
Preliminary injunctions.
14:18.4
Meron din tayong remedies
14:22.4
ang property pag hindi nakabayad.
14:24.4
Pag meron pong provisional remedies na ito
14:27.4
kasama doon sa main action
14:29.4
na main complaint,
14:30.4
hindi na po kailangan dumaan sa barangay.
14:32.4
Yan po ang exception
14:35.4
At saka yung mga actions na yung
14:37.4
may be barred by statute of limitations.
14:40.4
araw na lang mag-
14:42.4
mabarred ng by statute of limitations.
14:43.4
Eh, kung dadaan pa tayo doon sa barangay,
14:46.4
mag-prescribe na yung action mo.
14:47.4
Kasi meron man tayong period
14:48.4
within which to file cases.
14:52.4
Hindi na po kailangan dumaan sa barangay.
14:54.4
Diretso na po tayo sa korte pag ganun.
14:58.4
meron tayong controversies involving the
15:02.4
under the comprehensive agrarian reform law.
15:05.4
Pag may mga tenancy problems,
15:06.4
mga beneficiaries ng PRAP,
15:10.4
Because ang DAR po ang may jurisdiction yan.
15:12.4
Hindi po ang barangay.
15:14.4
Meron kasing mediation system sa DAR.
15:17.4
agricultural tenant,
15:19.4
at saka yung landlord,
15:20.4
yung may-ari ng property.
15:24.4
kapag labor disputes
15:26.4
or employer-employee relations,
15:29.4
sa comprehensive agrarian reform law,
15:32.4
nandyan po ang DAR
15:33.4
to settle and mediate.
15:34.4
Dito naman po sa labor dispute,
15:36.4
nandyan po ang DOLE
15:37.4
at saka nandyan po ang NLRC.
15:39.4
Meron po yan silang mediation system.
15:44.4
meron silang patawag for mediation.
15:48.4
Tapos after that,
15:49.4
mag-mediation pa si labor arbiter.
15:50.4
Marami pong proceedings dyan.
15:53.4
kailangan dumaan sa barangay
15:57.4
very important po
15:58.4
ang barangay justice system natin.
16:04.4
among the parties.
16:05.4
Not only the fact that
16:07.4
it is a requirement under the law
16:09.4
bago mag-file ng kaso sa court,
16:15.4
this actually helps
16:19.4
ma-solve ang problems ng court
16:21.4
sa grabing dockets.
16:23.4
ang dami pong dockets ang court.
16:28.4
ang itatawag mag-abot ng 18 to 20 cases.
16:31.4
starting from criminal,
16:33.4
and special proceedings.
16:37.4
nakakatulong po ito mag-de-congest.
16:40.4
doon sa karaming kaso ng korte.
16:43.4
sa barangay level lang,
16:46.4
ang problema ng magkakapit.
16:47.4
Di man nang magkakapit bahay
16:48.4
or yung mga kaso na
16:51.4
is dapat dumaan sa kanila.
16:52.4
So, hindi nang makakit sa court.
16:55.4
in that particular case,
16:56.4
is nakakatulong po.
16:58.4
kung hindi naman po talaga
17:02.4
no matter how much
17:03.4
mediation and settlement has been done,
17:06.4
it will pass through the
17:07.4
barangay captain.
17:11.4
Reconcile muna kayo.
17:15.4
wala na talagang magawa,
17:16.4
ipapasa kayo sa barangay captain.
17:23.4
on those 3 situations,
17:24.4
itatry talaga kayo
17:30.4
kung hindi po talaga
17:32.4
after the 3rd session,
17:33.4
i-issue na po sila
17:38.4
ang kailangan po inyo
17:39.4
bago po kayong makapile
17:41.4
as a general rule.
17:46.4
may certification dito,
17:47.4
that there has been
17:53.4
confrontation between
17:55.4
Pwede rin ilagay doon,
17:59.4
kung hindi sumipot
18:02.4
mabar na rin yung
18:03.4
counterclaim niya.
18:09.4
before the pangkat
18:14.4
ang corresponding complaint
18:16.4
may now be filed in court.
18:17.4
Ang barangay case na ito,
18:18.4
example lang po ito,
18:19.4
naguha ko sa online,
18:20.4
is for collection
18:22.4
So, take note lang,
18:24.4
ng Lupun Secretary.
18:31.4
pwede pong ma-question
18:33.4
ng Certificate of File Action.
18:35.4
Take note of that,
18:36.4
that Certificate of File Action
18:38.4
issued by the barangay
18:40.4
is a public document.
18:41.4
Hindi na kailangan
18:43.4
about the issuance.
18:45.4
para sigurado pong authentic siya
18:46.4
at hindi po ma-destroy
18:47.4
ang kanyang public
18:49.4
document feature,
18:51.4
kailangan po pirmado
18:52.4
at meron pong selyo.
18:56.4
as a general rule.
18:57.4
Yung na-discuss natin previously,
18:58.4
hindi na ito kailangan.
19:00.4
Yun po ang exceptions.
19:01.4
Ano po yung mga kaso
19:04.4
kailangan dumaan sa
19:08.4
dumaan sa barangay.
19:11.4
mag-file ng kaso sa korte.
19:14.4
So, yun po ang mga kaso.
19:15.4
Hindi na kailangan dumaan.
19:17.4
Diretso na po tayo
19:18.4
sa Supreme Court,
19:20.4
Court of Appeals,
19:21.4
Regional Trial Court,
19:22.4
and Municipal Trial Court.
19:24.4
So, I hope you learned
19:27.4
in our discussion today.
19:29.4
And I will hope to see you again
19:32.4
Thank you very much.
19:35.4
Maraming salamat po.
