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Framer of 1987 Constitution admits ‘mistake’
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Christian Esguerra
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Run time: 08:54
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00:00.0
E kasi ang ating bansa is kontrolado ng dynastic families and greedy big business.
00:19.0
Sa toa yan.
00:20.4
Ito nga pala, sige, nabanggit nyo na rin yung dynastic families.
00:24.0
Talagang tumaba sila ng tumaba.
00:26.6
Naging gehigante na since 1987.
00:28.6
Matanong ko na po sa inyo, medyo ibalik niya nga po kami doon sa naging diskusyon ng Constitutional Commission of 1986.
00:36.9
Bakit nga ba hindi pa ginawang self-executory yung provision ng ating konstitusyon na nagbaban po sa mga political dynasties?
00:46.9
Okay. Alam mo, pinagdiskusyon na natin yan.
00:50.5
Ang sa akin, I'm being asked meron ba kayong mistakes nung ginawa niya yung Constitutional Commission.
00:58.6
Of course, we are imperfect, so it's not a perfect Constitution.
01:03.6
But I think we made two mistakes.
01:05.6
We made two mistakes in writing that Constitution.
01:09.6
We over-estimated the spirit of EDSA.
01:17.6
And number two, we underestimated the greed of politicians and big business.
01:25.6
Kaya tingnan ninyo yung mga lupain ng mga local government.
01:27.6
Kaya tingnan ninyo yung mga lupain ng mga local government.
01:28.6
Pinagbili doon sa mga land developers na malalaking business. Correct?
01:34.6
So lahat ng increasing value nandoon na. Nandoon na sa big business ngayon.
01:40.6
Dapat yun, yung mga lupain na yun, diyan gumawa ng mga dwellings of the people.
01:49.6
Yung mga mahihirap. Dapat meron niyang ganyan sa within the local communities.
01:54.6
Ngayon, yung mga mahihirap nagtatrabaho sa Manila.
01:57.6
Ilang oras para sila makaalis at makabalik sa bahay nila.
02:02.6
Whereas kung meron tayong mga housing projects for the poor, hindi naman ibibigay na ownership.
02:09.6
Pwedeng lease lang sa mga poor dahil pag umakyat naman ang kanilang kita, pwede silang bumili.
02:16.6
Pero lahat ng mga local government, of course, there's corruption in that.
02:22.6
Pinagbili doon sa mga land developers.
02:26.6
Na mayayaman na.
02:28.6
Maraming mali na ginagawa natin because of corruption.
02:33.6
Because of greed for power.
02:36.6
Sabi nga nung land bank, there are 200 clans in the Philippines.
02:42.6
And then yung mga studies, nagkaroon nga tayo sa Dusuit Hotel.
02:47.6
Nag-invite tayo ng experts on forms of government.
02:51.6
Sabi nila na,
02:54.6
if your government is working whether or not perfectly, don't change it.
03:01.6
Sa akin hindi ko maintindihan kung bakit ang pinagbibintangan nila lagi ay Constitution.
03:09.6
Whereas ang dapat na kanilang pagbintangan, yung sarili nila na kanilang greed for power
03:16.6
at saka yung kanilang kasama sa business who are greed for wealth.
03:21.6
Greed of wealth.
03:24.6
Ito yung ating problema.
03:25.6
We have a feudalistic society of centuries.
03:28.6
Ang pangako ng EDSA is restore democracy, real democracy, and social change.
03:37.6
Ano yung social change?
03:39.6
Kung babasahin mo yung Article 13 ng Constitution, Section 1,
03:44.6
it is to address the inequalities in social, political, and economic.
03:52.6
Ekonomiya.
03:53.6
Yan ang social justice.
03:55.6
Tapos, nung tinatanong paano i-implement siya?
03:59.6
Sabi nga nung economist na Nobel Peace Prize, sabi nila,
04:04.6
para magkaroon ng so-called competition, capitalism, competition,
04:10.6
kailangan i-adjust mo muna yung starting positions.
04:15.6
Tapos magkaroon ng competition.
04:17.6
Kasi kung iba yung starting position, tapos competition,
04:21.6
mas lalala yung inequality.
04:24.6
Hindi ba?
04:25.6
Okay, so gano'n.
04:27.6
Are we implementing the social justice provisions?
04:31.6
All of them are non-performing.
04:34.6
Not even non-performing.
04:36.6
Low performance.
04:38.6
Di ba?
04:39.6
And we can go through it.
04:42.6
Anong asset reform program?
04:43.6
Agrarian reform, urban non-reform in housing, ancestral domain, and fisheries.
04:49.6
At education and health.
04:52.6
Pareho ba ang available, for example, in health?
04:57.6
Yung available health services, pareho sa mahirap at mayaman?
05:02.6
Hindi.
05:03.6
Tama?
05:04.6
At yung education, little thing.
05:07.6
For example, sabi sa Constitution, dapat may mga tinatawag nating assistance to the students and so on.
05:17.6
Ang ginawa nila,
05:19.6
yung mga assistance is through the public school system.
05:25.6
Mali yun.
05:27.6
Sa Constitution, ang sinasabi, ang pinagsasabihan diyan,
05:33.6
dapat yung mga ganyan ay ibibigay sa mga estudyante na marunong,
05:40.6
have proven the capability and so on.
05:43.6
Tapos yung estudyante, ang pipili ng eskwela.
05:47.6
Ngayon, in order to get this kind of scholarship, you have to enroll in a public university.
05:55.6
Simple, right?
05:56.6
Very simple.
05:58.6
Diba?
05:59.6
Bakit hindi nila ginawa yun?
06:01.6
Can you imagine yung mga may hirap, sabi, hindi, ayoko yan.
06:05.6
Gusto ko sa UP, hindi lang UP, Ateneo, LaSalle.
06:08.6
Ngayon, hindi.
06:09.6
You must be a public university.
06:11.6
Mga scholarship.
06:13.6
By the way,
06:15.6
ang author niya si Bam Aquino.
06:19.6
Yung mga scholarship.
06:21.6
Correct?
06:22.6
Madami tayong magagawa.
06:24.6
Na policy, implementation, implementing rules and regulations.
06:28.6
Na pagbago.
06:29.6
And I can talk about it endlessly.
06:31.6
For example,
06:32.6
but I want to ask you the questions you want.
06:36.6
Dito muna, sir, yung isa.
06:38.6
Looking back dun sa discussion siya sa Constitutional Commission
06:42.6
about banning political dynasties.
06:44.6
Ano ba yung naging thought process?
06:46.6
Bakit hindi nyo pa ginawang self-executory yung provision?
06:49.6
I did not answer it earlier.
06:52.6
Alam niyo, nandito yung discussion natin namin yan.
06:55.6
We reconsidered.
06:56.6
Eh ba't hindi na iligay natin yan?
06:58.6
Kung anong kailangan?
06:59.6
At the time, it was four degrees.
07:02.6
Ang dapat na bawal.
07:04.6
Four degrees.
07:05.6
Okay.
07:06.6
Sabi niya, teka muna.
07:08.6
Democracy natin, once it improves,
07:12.6
at nag-mature ang ating democracy,
07:15.6
baka hindi na kailangan ng four degrees.
07:17.6
Baka two degrees na lang.
07:19.6
And maybe 20 years from now,
07:21.6
25 years,
07:23.6
we don't need it at all.
07:25.6
So,
07:27.6
we made the mistake of saying, well, that's true.
07:30.6
It must be adjusted to circumstances.
07:32.6
Why don't we give that power to the Congress?
07:36.6
Right?
07:37.6
Ngayon, ang Congress,
07:39.6
36 years,
07:40.6
they have not passed an anti-dynasty law.
07:43.6
36 years.
07:44.6
At ang kanilang binagbibindangan, ang Constitution.
07:48.6
Eh why didn't you pass it?
07:49.6
36 years.
07:51.6
Why?
07:52.6
Because sila nakikinabang na wala yung anti-dynasty law.
07:57.6
Hindi nga.
07:58.6
Hindi ba kayo nagsisisi na sana hindi nyo na ibinigay yung kapangyarihan ngayon sa Congress?
08:03.6
Kayo na nagdesisyon.
08:05.6
As I told you, one of our mistakes was we overestimated its spirit.
08:09.6
And we underestimated the greed of politicians for power and money.
08:39.6
See you soon guys, see you soon.