The verb “binigy
án” is an Object-Focus (OF) verb.
A1. “Binigy
án KO ng karn
é ANG aso sa liwasan.” = ANG aso sa liwasan ay binigyan KO ng karne. = I gave meat to THE dog at the plaza.
We can replace “binigyan” in that sentence with “magbig
áy” a Subject-Focus (SF) verb.
B1. “Nagbigay AKO ng karne SA aso sa liwasan.” = AKO ay nagbigay ng karne SA aso sa liwasan. = I gave meat TO the dog at the plaza.
Notice that in A1 (with an OF verb), the Actor is “KO (I)”, an adjective pronoun. In B1 (with a SF verb), the Actor becomes “AKO (I)”, a Subject Pronoun.
Also, in A1 the Indirect Object “aso” is preceded by “ANG (THE)”, which marks “aso” as the Subject of the sentence. In B1, the Indirect-Object dog remains as is and is preceded by the preposition “SA (TO)”.
The pattern remains the same even when the subjects are different:
OF: Binigyan NI Sam ng karne ANG aso SA liwasan. = Sam gave meat TO the dog AT the plaza.
SF: Nagbigay SI Sam ng karne SA aso SA liwasan. = Sam gave meat TO the dog AT the plaza.
OF: Binigyan NINYO ng karne ANG aso SA liwasan. = YOU gave meat TO the dog AT the plaza.
SF: Nagbigay KAYO ng karne SA aso SA liwasan. = YOU gave meat TO the dog AT the plaza.
OF: Binigyan NG pinsan ko ng karne ANG aso SA liwasan. = My cousin gave meat TO the dog AT the plaza.
SF: Nagbigay ANG pinsan ko ng karne SA aso SA liwasan. = My cousin gave meat TO the dog AT the plaza.
What if the verb is “puntahan (go to something)”? (The SF verb counterpart of the OF verb “puntahan” is “magpunta/pumunta”.)
The same things will happen if the verbs used are “puntahan” and “magpunta/pumunta”.
OF: Puntahan NATIN ANG mall. = ANG mall ay puntahan NATIN. = Let US go TO the mall
SF: Magpunta/Pumunta TAYO SA mall. = TAYO ay magpunta SA mall. = Let US go TO the mall.
OF: Pinuntahan NI Sam ANG mall. = ANG mall ay pinuntahan NI Sam. = Sam went TO the mall.
SF: Nagpunta SI Sam SA mall = SI Sam ay nagpunta SA mall. = Sam went TO the mall.
In the SF sentences, the “sa” indicates the Object (of the preposition) and is also replaced by “ang” when the object becomes the subject of a sentence using an OF verb. Hence, the “sa” preposition is not the indicator of the subject of the sentence.